A Study On The Central Trust Of China Of Nanjing National Government(1935-1937)

The Central Trust of China was one of the main component of the financial system in Nanjing National Government, and one of the member of "si hang er ju".Trust movement in China came from at the earliest in the end of the 19th century, as a integrity financial industry comprehensive rise in a decade or two in the twentieth century, emerging trust industry suffered the major setbacks because of speculation and the other factors. Whether private trust or foreign commercial trust gained preliminary development after Nanjing National Government was founded, but there were numerous dilemma in this development from beginning to end, educational circles and industry participants got moving firstly to call continually the government to enhance the stress about the trust industry in order to develop chinization trust industry by means of legislation.But Nanjing National Government started from the reasons of the safeguarding financial sovereignty, solving financial crisis, unifing foreign purchasing weapons and banning foreign savings society, decided to set up a state-operated trust organization to achieve the above-mentioned goals. In the second national financial meeting of Nanjing National Government, bringed the Central Trust of China into practice, after more than one year preparing and personnel struggle, the Central Trust of China was formed and began to open in the October 1,1935. After the Central Trust of China was formed, striked up relatively complete toppest leadership organization, functional departments, internal management institutions and Local branch. The Central Trust of China was the main component of the national finance construction, marked the preliminary completion financial control of Nanjing National Government.The Central Trust of China made great achievements on the one hand,adhered to the government will to hold various business of government, on the other hand, expanded new trade channels in the early days. Through holding this public functionary and army compulsory saving and taking over premium savings deposit at home and abroad to hold the Central Savings organization in order to substantial funds for country building.To holded Sino-german barter trade and operat the Qiujiang wharf preliminary unified national government of foreign purchasing munitions issues, the weapons that initial procurement play a large role in Anti-Japanese War. By hosting trust and insurance business of state-run enterprises, public utilitiesand education cultural agencies etc. On the one hand was getting the big profits, on the other hand, state-operated insurance to form the competition and rejection to private industries, but also private trust and insurance industries that cannot afford to handle business, the Central Trust of China accepted trust and insurance business. Especially wartime transportation risks insurance business to ensure the running of the organ, important and wartime resources and japanese-occupied areas factories to flow west and played a big role to settle the rear production, these achievements are should be worth for sure.In short, in the 10 years of national economic and financial construction of Nanjing National Government, the effect of the Central Trust of China was positive. But as a state-owned financial control agencies, the Central Trust of China inevitably formed competition and rejection to private financial industry. Meanwhile, because of the state capital and the characteristics of tyranny, there were always one dictatorship, ruling as a one-person, seeking private gain through power, embezzling public property, feathering one's nestin and Expanding one's politics, private economic power, series of bureaucratic habits struggle continuously etc. in the Central Trust of China.