Coordinated Development Of Urban And Rural Areas Under Financial Expenditure Structure Research

Reform and opening up 30 years, the economic development of our country has made remarkable achievements. Such as gross domestic product in 2010, China surpassed Japan as the world economic output ranked in second place. But it appeared the bustling city and backward rural areas, developed agricultural industry and the coexistence of lagging rural income gap between the situation and the growing trend. Imbalance between urban and rural social development has become constrained off society in China and sustainable economic development of the "bottleneck." At present, China is in a critical period of economic restructuring, economic development also have distinct "transitional" features. In the development stage, our residents are from low-income to middle-income stage of the transition, the final completion of the "dual economy" to the integration of economic change; in the system model, our country is to transition to a mature market economy; in the development of level, China is off to a comprehensive well-off from the initial transition. With the transformation of our economy, the government's economic activities also will be changed. Government expenditure reflects the range of economic activities。Fiscal expenditure structure is the core of the financial expenditure, it relates to the expenditure goals, the Principle of spending and other issues. Because of different socio-economic conditions in different countries, a country at different stages of development, because of its strategic objectives to be achieved by different, it requires financial expenditure structure and focus is different. China's current fiscal expenditure structure is the basis of the planned economy evolved, basically retained "supply system" mode features. This structure has played an active role in promoting the development of various undertakings, but with the current market economy the coordinated development between urban and rural areas, there are still a lot of disharmonies. Mainly reflected in:First, the total expenditure is insufficient to meet the current needs of economic and social development, to a certain extent, influence and restrict the normal performance of government functions, and second, irrational structure of fiscal expenditure, there are structural imbalances. Therefore, how efficient and reasonable use of government fiscal expenditure to improve public services is a function to be solved. Our government should be based on changes of the structure of fiscal expenditure pro-active fiscal spending to eliminate the irrational factors, so that the fiscal expenditure structure towards a rational direction.In this paper, the structure of fiscal expenditure as a research subject, the first analysis of the structure of fiscal expenditure of urban and rural development in my overall sexual performance, and the establishment of empirical analysis of the relevant econometric model the structure of fiscal expenditure is unreasonable. Secondly, to explore urban and rural development in China in several key areas of status, problems and the financial situation of financial expenditure, through the International Experience with the combination of the basic national conditions of China, put forward some feasible fiscal expenditure structure optimization. Hope that academic research is the development of urban and rural areas contribute to a force.Text composed by the eight chapters, the main content and views are as follows:The first chapter is an introduction. This paper mainly discusses the research background and practical significance, and related domestic and foreign research results. Statement of research ideas article introduces the logic and structure of the article, the article cited the innovation and weaknesses.ChapterⅡ, Urban and rural areas and the fiscal expenditure structureSectionⅠ, introduces the history of the origin of urban-rural dual structure, after the Opium War, Chinese modern history of a particular economic environment determines the specific path of development. From the Opium War to the founding of New China on the eve of the outbreak of the period, China's industrialization has been built on the basis of semi-feudal society, lack of capital accumulation, capitalism, mass production is limited, the majority of the rural economy in the vast ocean of natural economy being. The history of this semi-feudal environment determines the formation of the dual economic structure in China is bound pattern. Meanwhile, urban and rural development strategy put forward practical significance and background to do a more detailed introduction. In addition the strategy also urban and rural areas made a more detailed interpretation of meaning. SectionⅡsummarizes the main concepts of the structure of fiscal expenditure, content and classification, and puts forward the concept of fiscal expenditure structure optimization, the theoretical basis and content. SectionⅢ, based on the stage of economic development and widening gap between urban and rural areas the seriousness of the financial payment structure optimization proposed are:(1) Financial expenses for the equalization of urban and rural development of public goods. (2) Expenditures to increase rural incomes and reduce urban-rural income gap (3) Fiscal expenditures to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economy ensure food security and food and agriculture income.ChapterⅢ, China's fiscal expenditure structure of the duality and imbalance between urban and rural development.Since the reform and opening up the main analysis, the reality of differentiated performance and financial expenditure projects in'different urban-rural income gap. SectionⅠ, mainly from four aspects of differentiation between urban and rural areas lead to increasing fiscal spending serious and that the fiscal system only with the constant improvement of our economy and adjust the structure of expenditures in order to well implement the scientific concept of development, can truly people-centered scientific development. SectionⅡ, mainly the scale of infrastructure investment, basic education allocation of resources, the flow of funds between urban and rural areas to analyze three urban bias of financial resource allocation model based on the urban-rural income gap. SectionⅢ, this section is an innovative point of this article. The urban-rural income gap and the specific form of fiscal expenditure structure linked to the economic reform and opening up the use of statistical data, econometric models, empirical analysis of each expenditure of the income gap between urban and rural residents. I optimized it for the future structure of financial expenditure sections of the foundation.ChapterⅥ, The experience of developed countries to promote rural development and enlightenment SectionⅠ, describes the development of domestic agriculture in some developed countries to take when specific forms of agricultural protection and the protection of the revelation of the Agricultural Section, detail some of the more developed parts of agricultural public goods in rural areas and measures taken way of financial support, as well as in the present and future of public goods provision in rural areas should pay attention.ChapterⅤ, the urban and rural fiscal support expenditure structure optimization.SectionⅠ, from the basic position of agriculture in national economy, the external uncertainties and risks, to elaborate the theoretical and practical financial support for agriculture based. SectionⅡ, mainly in the agricultural development of the existing size and structure of fiscal expenditure on agriculture is irrational, food security and the "money, food, land, people, etc contradiction problems. SectionⅢ, for now there are mainly agricultural and rural is proposed to promote the sustainable development of agriculture expenditure structure optimization measures:(1) The Government should improve and strengthen financial support for agriculture farm bill spending efforts to increase investment in agriculture infrastructure and investment in agricultural science and technology investment, and attract community side of agricultural inputs. (2) Construction of irrigation infrastructure to increase support to the establishment of national food target price protection system, the implementation of expansion of domestic demand-oriented rural income of grain farmers decoupled subsidies (3) Improve the organization of farmers.ChapterⅥ, the coordination of urban and rural compulsory education of balanced development of financial expenditure structure optimization. Rural education can be said that the fundamental building a socialist new countryside and the current education finance system in rural areas can not truly solve the supply problem of rural education funding, sectionⅠ, the input of funds from the investment in urban and rural compulsory education, compulsory education and compulsory school conditions faculty of urban and rural compulsory education in terms of the imbalance. SectionⅡdiscusses the bias of our education policies, lack of educational resources, and educational concepts behind the main reasons leading to the imbalance between urban and rural areas. SectionⅢ, for the present situation of imbalance between urban and rural compulsory education, and proposed financial support for rural education reconstruct the basic idea. That government should make compulsory education and educational standards' of financial input, build a scientific financial transfer payment system for rural compulsory education, balanced development of urban and rural educationChapterⅦ, the development of urban and rural medical and health expenditure structure optimization.As a social health insurance system, its production and development depends on economic basis and it depends on the political system. China's special historical background, economic and political system based on the decision of the medical establishment and development of security system has its own particularity. SectionⅠ, mainly on the urban and rural residents and health resources are great gaps in health care system. SectionⅡ, from the tax system reform, public policy, the influence of lack of farmers, health care reform "over market" detailed analysis of three aspects of the specific medical reason for the imbalance. SectionⅢ, for the current imbalance between urban and rural health care, proposed countermeasures:(1). To develop the rural areas tend to investment in public health policy and health care in rural areas to overcome the "moral hazard" and "adverse selection." (2) Play the central government's redistribution and increase the relatively backward rural areas of the intergovernmental transfer payments, first, the central or provincial health transfer payments directly allocated to specific counties and townships, and other basic local government. Second, transfer payments to the amount determined factors. Mainly through the establishment of the equalization of urban and rural basic health indicators system, the different parts of the health service system to evaluate the state measure, the area of serious gaps or indicators of urban-rural gap, they should press the "factor method" to determine criteria for transfer payments or the amount of oil rationing, and other special areas should be given special weightChapterⅧ, urban and rural social security system of the fiscal expenditure structure optimization.Mainly study how to improve urban and rural social security system, and on this basis, urban and rural social security system on the promotion of the fiscal expenditure structure optimization. SectionⅠ, mainly from social security, coverage, financial and social security expenditure structure, landless peasant security, social security management system, the analysis of the current urban and rural social security outstanding problems. SectionⅡ, Describing the causes of the imbalance between urban and rural social security specific reasons, namely, the strategic orientation of industrialization, urban-rural dual structure of the curing and traditional system of household registration and employmentSectionⅢ, for the existing huge gap between urban and rural social security, optimize the urban and rural social security payments made related proposals:(1) to increase the scale of financial and social security expenditures and increase its share of GDP and financial expenditure. (2) Standardized system of transfer payments of social security spending, while establishing cross between the same levels of government transfer payment system to address the same level of inequality between the Governments of differences in social security. (3) Timely construction of rural social security law, as well as landless farmers to establish social security system.