Study On The Optimization Of Logistics Value Chain Based On Value Engineering

In the process of optimization for logistics system, generally, logistics enterprises try to reduce the logistics costs continuously, so as to get more profits and create more effectiveness, and then form their competitive advantage. However, there is a contradiction in that process so called "logistics trade off". The trade off exists in between the logistics service level and logistics costs, also in between the various logistics aspects in logistics activities such as transportation and warehousing. Therefore, the procedure of logistics system optimization need to be comprehensive considered of various factors, and the object of logistics system optimization need to be set as getting the maximum effectiveness. The nature of concept effectiveness is to put less and output more. For a logistics system, the emphasis of optimization is to adjust the trade off between logistics functions and logistics costs in logistics activities. If logistics enterprises want to achieve the best effectiveness, they must make maximum the ratio between the logistics functions (output) and the logistics costs (put) of the various logistics aspects. In value engineering, the ratio of the function to cost is the value, and then the optimization of logistics systems is changed into optimization the value of various logistics activities. The "value" of each logistics aspects forms "logistics value chain".The paper introduces the concept of value chain to the area of logistics, combines the value engineering ideas and logistics value chain theory, and then establishes a model of logistics value chain analysis. By decomposition the logistics value chain and analysis of the value of logistics aspects, a mathematical model is constructed to optimize the logistics value chain, and then reconstruct the logistics value chain. The key innovations are as follows:(1) Research on theory of logistics value chain and coupling of value engineering. With Porter's value chain theory, the concept of logistics value chain is proposed, and the research area of value chain is expanded. Theoretical system of logistics value chain includes the meaning of value in logistics value chain, the characteristics of logistics value chain, the curve of logistics value chain, the type of logistics value chain, the formation mechanism of logistics value chain, the formation necessity of logistics value chain, and the formation dynamic mechanism of logistics value chain. On this basis, the paper analyzes the coupling possibility of logistics value chain and value engineering, and gets the ways to promote the logistics value: optimization of the logistics costs and optimization of the logistics processes.(2) Research on optimization analysis of logistics value chain based on value engineering. Through input-output analysis of logistics value chain, with applying the production function theory in economics, a model about the input-output of logistics value chain is established. Combining with the idea of ABC analysis in value engineering, a general model of logistics value chain analysis is constructed. Then introduction the logistics value index (LVI) to determinate the ways and steps of optimizing the logistics value chain based on value engineering, decided by the relationship between LVI and1.(3) Research on optimization process of logistics value chain based on value engineering. Utilizing the idea of value engineering, value analysis of the logistics aspects in logistics value chain is implemented. If LVI<1, then the optimization of logistics value chain need to redesign the propotions of logistics costs of each logistics aspect. The paper establishes a fuzzy linear programming model to achieve it. If LVI>=1, then the optimization of logistics value chain need to redesign logistics processes. The paper combines logistics value chain analysis and value analysis to achieve it.