| China is in a quick development era of industrialization and urbanization, therefore, in a quite long period, the gross amount of agriculture products consumption will still show rigid growth trend. Meanwhile, the overall agricultural natural resources, represented by farmland resource, are falling continuously. On the premise to ensure our country's moderately self-provision, sole dependence on the domestic resources is not enough to safeguard China's agricultural product supply for long-term run, the contradiction is increasingly outstanding between the rapid growth of demand and the insufficient domestic agricultural resources, it is inevitable to choose the influx of overseas agricultural resources. By theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper mainly discuss the necessity and basic situation about China's utilization of overseas agricultural resources, and the distribution and using of world agricultural resources, and Summarization of international experiences and lessons. The main conclusions are as follows:1. By the application of "Open Dualistic Economy", this paper has proved the necessity for China to utilize overseas agricultural resources in the middle stage of industrialization. A dualistic developing country, whose per capita agricultural natural resources are relatively deficient, must execute to open agriculture to the outside world in the process of the unification, and it has a "the turning point" from an output country into an input country on natural agricultural resources. It is estimated that, in2011, China's net imports of agricultural products at the acreage has reached0.648billion acres, equaling27%gross area in domestic crop.2. By the application of "H-O Theory" and "Partial equilibrium theory", this paper has demonstrated the important role of the overseas agricultural resources input on the security of food safety and effective supply of agricultural products. In the constraints of domestic food security policy, the priority imports on resource-intensive agricultural products shall not include rice, wheat and other grain products, but include oil, cotton, soybean, potato and forest, as well as natural rubber and palm oil which have natural condition restriction and limited domestic production.3. Summarization of a "Four-stage rule" for a developing country (with less per capita agricultural resources utilization) to use overseas agricultural resources, and the quotation of Japan, South Korea cases. China's utilization of overseas agricultural resources is at the second stage stage and is on the way to the third stage. Therefore, our focus of policy should to support the investment to the processing, logistics and other industry links in order to build a global agricultural industry chain.4. There still exist some problems such as the non-harmonious national policy system, insufficient support, financing difficulty, lack of international offshore financial services, lack of qualified personnel, and lack of information and consulting service for China to utilize overseas agricultural resources. Our country also has not established the global agricultural industry chain, and is in the downstream among the industry chain, and is in an adverse position in international competition.5. Lessons from the international experience. Besides importing selectively agricultural products, Japan and other countries are rapidly increasing their foreign agricultural direct investment, especially the investment for the agricultural products processing industry, which has played an important role on its construction of global agriculture industry chain and on their protection of the input stability and autonomy of overseas agricultural resources. Draw lessons from Japanese experience, this paper proposes to put the utilization of overseas agricultural resources into a national strategic level, and to construct the global agricultural industry chain as baisc path for the utilization of overseas agricultural resources.6. The major regional targets for China's utilization of foreign agricultural resources are Americas, Africa and Oceania. In addition, Kazakhstan in Central Asia has abundant farmland resource and water resource. At the same time, this country borders with our country and can also be used as a selectable region.7. The strategic goal is to supplement the supply of agricultural products, to meet the growing demand of agricultural products, but the overseas agricultural resources should not impact domestic food production, the breed selection shall be conducted during the importation of agricultural products. Utilization methods of overseas agricultural resources:when importing agricultural products, increase overseas agricultural direct investment and construct the global agricultural industry chain. |
