The Development Theory Of Chinese Urban Agriculture

Accompany with the quickly development of urbanization, late 1980's to early 1990's in 20^th century, the rigorous challenge with the suburb agriculture in big city, the namely traditional agriculture produces cann't accommodate demand of urbanization, is unprecedented, especially in region of Changjiang River's delta, Pearl River's Delta, Bohai Sea gulf region, like Shanghai, Shenzhen, Peking etc. Face to this rigorous challenge, especially to accommodate demand of establishing international economic center city, these cities put forward stratagem successively, that is changing the suburb agriculture into urban agriculture quickly. Later on, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Peking, Wuhan, Nanking, Jinan, Chengdu, Xian, Shenyang, Dalian etc. clear and definite put forward the development of urban agriculture. Pulled by market, urban agriculture become morden agriculture, which is new power of agriculture and village economy. In recent years, in the respect of developing urban agriculture, Chengdu accumulates much experience. The literature to study the problem of developing Chinese urban agriculture systematically and thoroughly is not abundance. This paper addresses the problem more completely, it analyzes the history reason of rising and progressing of urban agriculture from macroscopical and microcosmic, more over it also analyzes the further countermeasure to push urban agriculture based urban agriculture main factor.The full paper is divided into the introduction with the 10 chapters totally. Chapter 1 discusses origin, connotation, character and function. In this chapter, fourbasic connotation of urban agriculture is analyzed, with putting forward and evolvement of urban agriculture conception. Then indicates that urban agriculture has four basic character: integrative of suburb and urban, function diversification, high degree intensive, market integrative, at the same time it distinguishes the urban agriculture conception from cantonal agriculture, suburb agriculture and modern agriculture. This chapter emphasized to analyze the function of urban agricultural. Chapter 2 discusses origin of urban agriculture theories. In this chapter, the author inquiries into the Marxist agriculture theories and analyzes Marx's conceiving about status of agriculture, integrative of suburb and urban, land-tax theories, cooperating theories firstly. Then it analyzes the agriculture theories in western economics, especially about the urban agriculture's inchoation, dual economy theories, gain in theories, rural manpower capital theories agriculture development phase and resource repair theories. Chapter 3 discusses urban agriculture's occurrence, development and its main mode from the historical angle. Firstly author analyzes urban agriculture's occurrence, development, pointing out that urban agriculture is the outcome of highly industrialization and urbanization, is a modern agricultural high class development. Then history of development of urban agriculture in The United States , Japanese, and part countries of the East Asia. Based aforementioned, author analyzes urban agriculture's rise and development in China. At last, the main mode of urban agriculture in some countries and regions in the world are discussed, especially for Germany, the United States, Japan and Taiwan China. At the same time, the main mode of urban agriculture in China are analyzed include Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu. Chapter4 discusses innovation and development of urban agriculture industrialization. Firstly the connotation and basic character of urban agriculture industrialization is discussed. Then the basis of urban agriculture industrialization theories is analyzed, conclusion indicates that location theories, central place theories, whole effect management theories, institutional change theories, market mechanism theories, profit consubstantiality theories are the basic theories of urban agriculture industrialization theories. The innovation path of urban agriculture industrialization is studied, and the conclusion indicates that the mainroute is to set up full process industrialization mechanism. Chapter5 mainly discusses organized form innovation and development of urban agriculture. In this chapter, organized form of urban agriculture is addressed firstly, then the main problem of urban agriculture's organized form is studied. At last, after discussing the important meaning to realize innovation of organized form, the innovation route including three important factors is concluded: First, government enhances the leading with guide. Second, rely on creative corpus. Third, it is positive to push forward the kit reformation. Chapter 6 mainly studies the investment and financing problem in urban agriculture development. Restrict of investment system with urban agriculture and innovation the investment system in urban agriculture is analyzed. Problem of urban agriculture's investment system creative path selection is studied. Chapter 7 mainly discusses the innovation of manpower capital and the development of the urban agriculture. In this chapter, the author firstly discuss the basal viewpoint of the theory of manpower capital and its inspire to urban agriculture. Then, author analyses the current situation and problems of manpower capital of urban agriculture. Based on this, he analyses innovation orientation of urban agriculture. In chapter 8, author analyzes the current situation and problem in institutionalism of agriculture land make use of. Then he studies the problem of transfer of collectivity agricultural land. Based on this, institutionalism of urban agriculture land using is studies. Chapter 9 mainly discusses technology institutionalism innovation with urban agriculture development. The author firstly discusses current situation of agriculture technology institutionalism and cause of formation. Then he studies innovation orientation of urban agriculture technology institutionalism, include reformation of agriculture technology organization, reformation of investment institutionalism of agriculture technology, reformation of property system. At last, author studies the innovation of service system of urban agriculture. Chapter 10 a case about Pi County is adopted to analyze problem of urban agriculture mode. In this chapter thorough inquisition study is carried out in Pi County. The main content in this chapter includes situation of urban agriculture in Pi County, Problem and its cause of formation of urban agriculture in Pi County, upgrading of urban agriculture in Pi5County.Directed by the Marxist standpoint and means, this thesis is base on the socialistic theory of economics and makes reference to western economics especially the new theory of agronomics and developmental economics. It insists on combining normative analysis with demonstration analysis, qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, microcosmic analysis with macroscopical analysis, and static analysis with dynamic analysis. Absorbing the current research results, it systemic study on urban agriculture. Based on the current results, this thesis tries to do some innovative research on following areas:(1) It proposes that urban agriculture not only has economic function but also has social function and ecological function. It develops the useful and discards the useless of traditional agriculture. Urban agriculture is a kind of agricultural phenomena which is correlative with urban economy, culture, science and technology. It is a kind of developed modem agriculture when urban economy runs to upper level and city and country, agriculture and non-agriculture are fused with each other. Urban agriculture reflects the human explore to agriculture in new times when the industrialization and urbanization are hilly developed. It also shows that modem agriculture has become the internal requirement of modem urban civilization and it is very different from cantonal agriculture and suburban agriculture.(2) It proposes a proposition of configuring the resource of country ground under the condition of non-transference. Permit the farmers who have steady income from non-agriculture or in the town to give up their ground(to reduce the discarding of ground and deficiency of tillage). As for the proprietors of agricultural industrialization, permit them acquire the ground based on the need of production. As for the farmers who don't transfer totally, permit them owe the equity capital of the ground and give away the usufruct. When the farmer totally owe the usufruct and equity capital of ground, even the effectively configured market and price of ground don't exit, so long as the remainder labour force are abundant, the efficiency of use of ground is still high.(3) This thesis proposes a proposition that determining the rental is veryimportant to the protection of farmer's interest. There is a quantum limit of the rental. Exceeding of this limit will bring damage and purpresture to the interest of investor. In the process of determining the rental, there is a struggle between the owner of ground and agricultural proprietor. The farmer has infirm power and the government has strong power, so the results will bring damage and purpresture to the interest of fanner.(4) Urban agriculture is a complicate system engineering, which need the harmonious development and support of non-agricultural government organizations.(5) The organizational construction and creativity in urban agriculture and the perfection of infrastructure facilities become more and more important.(6) The theory of labor substitution and capital substitution are used to develop urban agriculture.