| It has been more than twenty years since reforming and opening in China, a new pattern has been formed, which is all orient, multi-level, wide realms, foreign trade has made its one way. In 2001, China joined WTO formally; it indicated a new opening stage has begun. Meanwhile, the trend of the economic globalization is strengthened day by day, and globalization is influencing economy, politics, society and culture all of the world extensively and deeply, and transforming the world by more strong trend and more rapid process. Under this background, it is necessary choose of Chinese economy development that Chinese government continues to extent opening, moves to melting in an all round way and meets a new challenge of globe economy.Historically, any history of country and national is a history of struggle for existence. It determines this country good fortune or not that competition courses are smooth or tough and competition results are successful or failed, and is depended on whether this country seizes opportunities, and complies with historic development. As everyone knows, the modernization of China was not produced spontaneously, appeared under the function of the external force. The status decides a close relation between Chinese modernization course and opening to the outside world.Firstly, Chinese modernizations began with opening gateway of a country forced. It explains Chinese modernizations are open since the beginning; its course actually is a historic course of harmonizing the world.Secondly, Chinese modernizations were formed by force under the capitalist powers of the West invading our country. It decided that we must make our minds to have a huge progress, and Chinese modernization course actually is a historic course of striving hard.Thirdly, Chinese modernization was started after the contest with the west modern civilization was defeated; it shows a situation of Chinese modernization learned from the West at the beginning, and Chinese modernization course is a historic course of studying the West, catching up with and surpassing the West in fact.Later the 20th century, especially entering 21st century, the economic globalization accelerated its process. The economic globalization is a great change of the social mode of production under a Hi-tech condition, it has stressed the factor of production flows in the world with unprecedented scale and speed, and international economic links variable change in succession leads to a kind of course, reality, trend during one country marketplace merged into the world. The economic globalization has not only brought the unprecedented opening greatly in the whole human society, but also has beeninfluencing people's mode of thinking and behavior deeply.The unprecedented development of science and technology, and the appearances of global communication system and modern traffic means, make the closer relationship between countries; at the same time, the economic life moves towards the internationalization. Looking about our times, the material, energy, and information are transmitted and exchanged among various countries, and human resource flow, logistics, funds flow and information flow are being moved constantly among various countries. This fact has determined objectively that China must grasp the center of economic construction, and cannot isolate besides world. Under the economic globalization background, we should expand opening, be good at studying all advanced things in the world as a whole, draw in the outstanding achievement from the human civilization.The frame and content of this thesis are as follows:Chapter one: Comparing with opening between Chinese late Qing Dynasty government and Japanese Meiji Dynasty government. In the period of late Qing Dynasty and Meiji Dynasty, the world pattern was changed greatly. This big world change originated from Europe had influenced all over the world, and all countries and regions in the world had not escaped by luck. In the middle period of the 19th century, the Western imperialist powers invaded East Asia across-the-board, China and Japan got into the deep national crisis. From the starting point with "curtain politics" reform to the Meiji Reformation, Japan had finished the early capitalist modernization, and entered into the world power countries; The Westernization Movement and the Reform Movement of 1848 of China were all failed, China could not always accomplish the early capitalist modernization, but sank in the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society step by step.Chapter two: 1911-1949 (the period of the Republic of China) was an important stage that China went through transition from traditional society to the modern society. The collision of Chinese and western cultures, which representative separately restore with reform , conservative with open , and the struggle of different political forces on behalf of different classes have influenced the development of the modern Chinese open system directly. The transition from 'learn from the western' to 'totally westernize' has far-reaching influence in the field of modern Chinese ideology and culture. With the impaction of Western culture and civilization since middle period of the 19th century, opening thought in this period has played a positive role in promoting modern China to be open to the outside world.Chapter three: New Chinese central planning type economy is compared with the Korean export-oriented economy. China and Korea are near neighbour, though systems are different, both belonging to the third world together and the cultural circle of east Asia together. There are a lot of common points in culture, morals, values and mode of thinking in two countries. Their starting pointsof economic development are also very close. But Korea had been keeping the rare high growth situation in the international economic history in 30 years after the sixties of the 20th century, which so-called the world focus attention upon 'Korean miracle'. Korea has created a lot of valuable experience, has accumulated many lessons too in this course. This chapter puts forth effort to compare and analyze background and course of economic development of China and Korean in 1949-1978 in terms of system mainly, in order to find the relation within system and economic growth, to see clearly actual achievement of economic growth under different system in China and in Korea, to find clearly the reason and process of system changes in China more, which undoubtedly has a realistic meaning to Chinese realistic economic development.Chapter four: Chinese reform and opening-up is compared with the reform of Soviet Union and Russia. China start reform and opening-up from 1978, then Soviet Union carry on reform too in 80 generation. Speaking from the nature, Gorbachev's reform, regard the 19th representative conference of the Soviet Communist Party of June of 1988 as the circle, divided into two stages. At the first stage, the reform has not broken through the socialist frame, here, Gorbachev's guidelines was still 'improve the socialist society 'on the whole. In spring of 1986, stipulated in the party platform and party constitution that passed of the 27th representative conference of the Soviet Communist Party : The final goal of the Soviet Communist Party is to 'set up communism' in the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Communist Party is ' Marxism-Leninism political party' ; Watch from economy, 'denationalization' and 'privatization' reform was not begun during this period yet. At the second stage, with implementing the. so-called 'socialism of democracy and humanity' in reform and opening-up of the Soviet Union, the reform was turned to the political field mainly. Though the reform of the Soviet Union is later than China, the difference on time is not the main one , a main one still about direction and focal point of the reform. Soviet Union has just made mistakes in these two respects, moved towards disintegrating finally, formed the distinct contrast with the flourishing development of Chinese socialist market economy. Hereafter, the prosperity and strong of China has become the irresistible world trends.Chapter five: Chinese opening and economic development in an all-round way. No matter for developing country, or for developed country, there will not opening in an all-round way in the absolute meaning at all times. For some important department and filed, proper protection and even closed absolutely is not only normal, but also indispensable. It is in a relative meaning to open in an all-round way, that means follow 'the common game rule', participate in the international competition actively, enjoy the right in competition, and fulfill the essential obligation. The essence of Chinese opening in an all-round way is to join WTO and fulfill it's regular. During 1990's, with the rising andapplication of the information technology, a new round of reform and opening-up of China, will face the double trends of the economic globalization and information globalization, so China must catch the historical opportunity that the human society is transforming from industrial society to the information-intensive society, implement the strategy of powerful country of information, build national first-class information civilization in an all-round way, and realize the great-leap-forward development.The paper represents the orbit of Chinese modern open history from all directions, through compare and analyzes vertically and transversely, explains how the open systems improve economic development and social advance. Some chapters of this paper have described either that rigid caused by closing is danger to social economic development, for instance the chapters about former Soviet Union's and Chinese reform. On the basis of analyzing modern history of our country to analyze compared with other countries, this paper innovatively proposed the idea that through implementing the strategy of "powerful country on information" , turn our country into the national of the first-class information civilization.
|
PDF Full Text Request