Studies On Institutions In State-owned Forest Zone In China

State-owned forest zone as the main body of China's forestry plays a very important role in our forestry and social and economical developmen.During the planned economy period, government monopolize forest resource and build forestry industry firm based on state-owned property rights in order to capture the natural resource to meet the full demands in socialist construction. Such institutions together with the forestry characteristics may cause state-owned forest zone faced with many historical and social burden, as well as the duty for ecological establishment and economic undertakings. These institutions make many problems, such as system works in low efficiency, careless about resource, difficult to recover forest, slow economic development and the poverty. After more than 20 years'reforms and opening up, espescially after the implementation of Nature Forest Protection Project, great changes have taken place in stated-owned forest area relating to structure of poperty rights and industry, operation mechanism etc. However, the institutions for management this area based on state-owned property right have not change at all, the growth in this region depends on investment from central government instead of forest resource without sustainablly independent and innovative capability and motivity.From the view of government which plays an important role, this dissertation tries to design more suitable intitutions to increase the social fortune. The institutions studies focus on organization in stated-owned forest area which forms a social structure concerning the relations between government, market, enterprises and society. Applying Institutional Economics theory, using experience of overseas forestry institutions arrangement as reference, after analyses of the current problems and institution inequilibrium in state-owned forest area, this dissertation draws the conclusions as follows:(1)The forest areas institutions is a function taking environment and forest resource as its independent variables. The state-owned organization is beneficial to accumulate the capital to catch the timber resource in the short time at lower cost. Going along with the time, the environment changing from planning to market economy while the forest resource is being exhaused, indicate the main task in state-owned forest area shift from timber production to forest cultivation. To make young- and middle-aged forest growing fast as soon as possible to carry out the duty of national merchandise timber base, fundamental changes should take place in order to realize sustainable management. Enterprises based on private property rights have the advantage due to fast response speed and pinch pennies and science operation.(2)the backward idea and consciousness are the main reasons for the institution inequilibrium in state-owned forest areas. 23 main influenced factors chosen are graded by experts, then throught computer calculating, divided into 4 layers, including root, process,result,effect. Conciousness brings on improper government action, monopolization, excessive timber resource consumption. A series of factors contribute step by step to the low income, poverty, conflicts of ecological, economic and social benefit in forest areas as the result.