On Governance Structure Of The State-owned Commercial Banks From The View Of The Stakeholders Theories

With the opening of the finance industry and the deepening of the reform, the reformation of the state-owned commercial banks has become a focus issue. The root of the main problems of the state-owned commercial banks, such as the high unhealthy-asset rate, the low capital adequacy ratio as well as the weak performance lies in the low efficiency of the governance.The essence of the so-called corporate governance is the arrangement of the ownership of the enterprises. The core is to solve the agency problem under the condition of the separation between ownership and control power, i.e. the choice and incentive problem of the bank managers. The form of corporate governance is a series of the contract rules framed by the governance institution concerning the stockholder conference, the board of director and the supervision committee, aiming at protecting the interests of stakeholders that have joined the enterprise contract. Therefore, the definition of state-owned commercial banks governance can be concluded as the following: it is a kind of institution arrangement, organization formation and operation mechanism that connect and regulate the mutual rights and interests of shareholders, debtors, board of directors, supervision committee, managers, employees, the government and other stakeholders under a certain arrangement of ownership system. The essence of the state-owned commercial banks governance is the distribution of responsibility and right as well as a system of the check and balance. Its core is the mechanism of incentive and restraining aiming at the manager levels of the banks, with the purpose of maximizing the value of bank. To definite it from the view of risk management, commercial banks governance is a set of institutional arrangement urging bank managers to effectively protect the interests of the stakeholders during their risk allocation activities. The content of commercial banks governance is to maintain the operation of risk allocation contract safely, to ensure the interests of the shareholders, depositors, borrowers, the owners of human resource and the government that join in the contract of commercial banks based on...