| Social security is one of the modes for government to realize national income redistribution while Endowment insurance system is the main concern of social security. As soon as the establishment of Endowment insurance system, the redistribution mechanism embodied by this system becomes the guarantee for senior citizens' basic standard living. This paper intends to provide comprehensive analysis of the relationship between Endowment insurance and income redistribution.The whole paper is divided into three parts, and the first part includes three chapters as chapter 2, and chapter3 . These three chapters systematically expatiate on the inner relation between Endowment security and income redistribution theoretically. Firstly, introduce the development, evolvement characteristics and scientific contribution concerning western social security redistribution theory. Secondly, analyze the redistribution effects on welfare state and Endowment security system.The second part includes five chapters as chapter4, chapter5, chapter 6 and chapter 7. These four chapters mainly expatiate on the reformation of the social security system of China, .The social security reform in China faces a complicated situation: extreme imbalance in the regional economic development, increasingly severe aging problem, concealed liabilities caused by systematic transition, defects in design of the new system and so on. Without resolving those problems in the reform progress, they will exert great pressure on the redistribution, and the new system will lose its survival foundation. Especially, social security should have had redistribution function. However, there exists much regressivity effect in our national social security system. This kind of regressivity effect is not to enhance the laborers' social welfare on a fair basis, but to go far away from the fair basis instead. Traditional economy leaves us with more of social welfare related to social economic and political level instead of means of redistribution.
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