Research On The Circulation Of Farmland Usufruct In China

Land is the core of"agriculture, rural areas and farmers"problem, which is a key factor that hinders the development of Chinese agriculture. Innovating farmland system and optimizing farmland resource distribution are indispensable determinants and safeguards of socialism new-countryside construction.How should we innovate the farmland system during the process of constructing socialism new-countryside? Investigated from historical perspective, there have been circulations of farmland ownership and usufruct at the same time in the history. Due to the shortage situation of per capita cultivated land getting worse day by day, the results of these two are totally different: the circulation of ownership has aggravated the sporadic division of land and hindered the progress of agricultural production technology; however, the circulation of usufruct has relieved the sporadic division of land effectively and improved the effective utilization percent of farmland resources. Obviously, the reform of farmland usufruct system will be the rational choice. Analyzed from the perspective of property right theory, the property right is a bunch of rights, in which the ratio of its reform cost to its income is obviously higher than that of the reform cost of farmland usufruct to the income, no matter by the farmland nationalization or the ownership privatization. Therefore, the reform of farmland's usufruct circulation is much more important than that of ownership, and this is a difficulty we have been encountering. And the circulation of usufruct is the guarantee of developing production, making the farmers richer and constructing the harmonious countryside. It is a prerequisite of achieving the second leap of countryside. So, on the basis of sticking to the family's contracted responsibility system, the circulation of farmland usufruct is the key factor of innovating Chinese farmland system, and of constructing the socialist new countryside.But during the promotion of the farmland's usufruct circulation, challenges from many factors related or unrelated to agriculture occurred. Farmland usufruct is going on but not smoothly. The appropriate scale of farmland operation still has a long way to go. The reality needs us to pay sufficient concerns to the circulation mode of the farmland usufruct, the price of the circulation and the behavior of the farmers'circulation.The various circulation model of farmland usufruct are the great creation of the...