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The Creative Integrating Of Decision-Making Information

Posted on:2008-07-21Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:M LiuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1119360215465494Subject:Applied Psychology
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
In a new era of information, the investors are confronted with great challenge, that is to say, it is hard for them to distinguish useful information from useless information when faced with numerous and complicated information, it is not easy to integrate the information and put forth projects that are profitable and far exceeded all expectations. The creatively integration of decision-making formation in the present article is a process that distinguish useful information from redundancy and interferential information, and integrate the useful information to make a creative Investment project (profitable,exceed all expectation). The present paper hold the position that the creatively integration of decision-making information is the core of decision-making process; and information creative integration is also the process of insight.Viewed from the post researches, there are some studies on decision-making process,creatively problem solving process and information competency, however, no research has integrated these three approaches. The study on creatively integration of decision-making information involves the researches on decision-making process,creatively problem solving process and information competency, it is a multi-domain innovational research. This paper tries to rebuild the complicate question situations in the reality differ to the simple question situation used in the traditional researches. The experimental material is based on a true succeed investment case of American merchant Yamore.The innovation of this paper lie in the creatively explore on the factors such as the quantity of information,the interference of redundant information,the use of heuristic strategy,personalities (opening, reflect,divergent thinking,need for cognitive closure),certain of the aim, and so on. By doing so, the mechanism and laws of decision-making can by revealed more easily in a new aspect, it enables the innovation and development of decision-making theory. It is also an innovational work by compiling a reliable test scale of creatively decision-making information integration with good reliability and validity.The present paper introduces oral report and individual interview, combined individual test and group test, explores the mechanism of creatively decision-making information integration by analyze the effect of the quantity and quality of information,information integration thinking strategy and individuals' concept and personalities through 5 experiments:Experiment 1 is the base of the following 4 experiments. It aims to identify the "the less is more" effect, explore how the redundant information interfere the participants during the creatively information integration, and explore the participants' thinking strategies and test the validity of the experimental material. After individual test and interview, it reveals that: it is a difficult experiment task to integrate the information creatively; this task can by used to find out one's thinking style and strategy limitation during information integration; "the less is more"effect also exist in information integration, the more information there is, the worse the performance is; when come with wrong decision interfered by redundant information, the participants will caught in mind set.The aim of experiment 2 is to explore the effect of some factors on the creatively decision-making information integration such as information redundancy levels,with and without ocular heuristic clues,the difference of investment experience or knowledge. 291 college students (including 84 marketing majors) take part in the experiment (group test). It reveals that: "the less is more" effect exists in information integration, the redundancy of information and knowledge make it difficult to integrate the information creatively; Variety information and status information have different effect to information integration, status information, especially ocular information has more effect; The succeed participants in the information integration are more likely to use "classify strategy","key information heuristic" strategies, while the failed have some cognitive strategy limitations.Experiment 3 is a further exploring of the process and mechanism of creatively information integration on the base of experiment 2. According to the results of experiment 1 and experiment 2, it can foresee that if "classify strategy" is a successful information integration strategy, then the complete mixed arrangement of 6 necessary items and 6 dynamic interfere items (1 necessary item follows 1 interfere item) will be more difficult to "classify" that partial mixed arrangement of items (3 necessary items follows 3 interfere items), the performance will be worse; if "using key heuristic clues to guide information integration" is a successful information integration strategy, then: the participants who are instructed to pay more attention to the key heuristic clues which are the hint of correct answer will have better performance, in the same way, paying more attention to the key heuristic clues which can be used to denial the incorrect answer will also have better performance. 259 college students take part in the group test. The result reveals that: the different mixed arrangements of information items and the different heuristic items have no effect the participants' insight, this result suggest that the successful information integration strategy has an "ability" feature, ocular clues and conditions have weak effect on information integration.Experiment 4 is a further exploring of the effect of mind set in the information integration process on the base of experiment 2, explore how the participants reflect and improve their thinking. Experiment 4 explores if the key heuristic information items (guide to find the correct answer or denial the incorrect answer) will improve the information integration performance by a two-stage experiment model like "put forth a question project first and then look for more creative project by reflecting existing project". 120 college students take part in the group test. The result reveals that: exterior motivation has negative effect during the creatively integration when there is redundant information; most of the participant has difficulty to improve their preformed intuitional project, are likely be caught in mind set.The experiment 5 aims to explore the effect of rewards and punishment by a three-stage experimental model and more reality liked experiment situation; explore the cross relations between "information integration" and some personalities such as "need for information" and "need for closure"; attempt to explore the possibility of compiling a test scale of creatively information integration. 64 college students are divided into 2 groups (rewards group and punishment group) at random; they are tested individually and interviewed. The result reveals that: rewards strengthened the participants' adventure adventurism, it benefit to the improvement of the participants' creatively information integration ability; "need for information","need for closure" have a particular relation with the quantity of information items participants "purchased" and the performance of information integration, "need for information" has an active correlation with information integration performance, while "need for closure" has a negative correlation with integration; The self- compiled creatively information integration test items have a sound internal consistency, and have active correlation with the curiosity and challenging sub-scale in creativity personality test. This result suggests the possibility of compiling the test scale of creatively decision-making information integration.The creatively decision-making information integration is discussed during the single experiment discuss and the general discuss, especially identifies and analyze several theories such as "buy low and sell high" principle in creatively investment theory of Sternberg & Lubart (1995),"confined random action theory" of Simonton (2003) and key heuristic theory of Zhang Qinlin (1989).
Keywords/Search Tags:Decision-making, Creativity, Information, Integration
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