Research On Public Policies In Sustainable Development Of Xinjiang Region

The relationship between the regional public policy and the sustainable development in Xinjiang deserves studying since the specialists and scholars in Xinjiang have not made further study. Due to the demand for theory and practice,the paper aims to elaborate on this topic. It is composed of 3 chapters and 9 sections.Chapter 1 is literature review of regional public policy on the basis of sustainable development, which is made up of Section 1 and Section 2. Section 1 contains the background at home and abroad, the significance and the methods of the regional public policy. In Section 2, by integrating theories of several disciplines, new definitions of regional sustainable development and regional public policy are given, generalizing the concept of regional public policy and constructing the theoretical system of regional sustainable development in Xinjiang.Chapter 2, which is made up of Section 3 and Section 4, aims at analyzing the gap between regions in China and assessing the regional public policy and the level of sustainable development in Xinjiang. It comes to the conclusion that the central government of China needs to strengthen the regional public policy in Xinjiang because the gap between Xinjiang and developed regions is growing. Section 3 first deals with the changing process of Chinese regional economic division, then analyzes the gap between the east of China, the central China and the western region of China in order to emphasize the importance of regional public policy in narrowing the regional gap. It is evident that regional public policy is playing a leading role in regional development. In Section 4, according to the level of sustainable development and the assessment of regional public policy in Xinjiang, Xinjiang is considered a relatively independent economic region in China; on the other hand, by analyzing the level of economic development, of social development, of sustainable development between Xinjiang and other regions in China, differences are found and the orientation of regional public policy for promoting sustainable development of Xinjiang is put forward.Chapter 3 includes 5 sections (from Section 5-Section 9). It embodies the policies of population and employment, the policies of finance and taxation, the policy of industry and the policy of protecting the ecological environment. Section 5 focuses on the policies of population and employment. By combining the policies of population and employment, this part defines the changing process of the population policy and the basic characteristics of the employment policy, establishes the predicting model of employment in Xinjiang and proposes the basic orientation of the population policy in Xinjiang, for example, rigorously carrying out the policy of family planning, emphasizing women's education, striving to lower the birth rate, clarifying the ways of cultivating the labour force , developing medium and small-sized businesses,strengthening the construction of small towns and the development of rural enterprises and setting up the employment system aided by other provinces. Section 6 mainly concerns the policy of industry in Xinjiang. After analyzing the current situation and features of the industry development in Xinjiang,the paper points out the factors hindering the industry development in Xinjiang. By comparing and learning the policy of promoting the underdeveloped areas in some foreign countries,a new way of developing industry in Xinjiang is presented. Some suggestions on the regional public policy are made concerning industry distribution,land supply, banking, foreign trade and finance and taxation. Section 7 is the part concerning the policies of the VAT (value-added tax) and finance. First, by comparing VAT in China with that of foreign countries,the VAT of our country is evaluated, the deficiency of the VAT in China being pointed out. Then some pieces of advice are given, such as adopting'consumption-type'value-added tax,bettering financial decentralization system, adjusting the shared proportion of value-added tax between central government and local government, establishing the model of amended coefficient about the shared proportion of value-added tax. Finally, an empirical study of the model on the value-added tax in Xinjiang is accomplished. Section 8 concentrates on the policies of resources taxation and finance and taxation. By comparing and analyzing systematically the resources taxation between China and foreign countries, some questions on the lawmaking in resources taxation of China are raised. The paper states clearly the principle of designing resources taxation and the ways of establishing the calculating model of tax rate about resources taxation. Suggestions, such as raising the rate of resources taxation, expanding the range of resources taxation and improving the method of calculating and imposing resources tax, are given. Section 9 discusses the policy of environmental protection and ecological preservation in Xinjiang. By analyzing the current state, features and changing tendency of ecological environment in Xinjiang, some specific measures are proposed, such as paying equal attention to persisting in development and protection to solve the water resource;adjusting the function of grassland from production-type to eco-type and tour-type in order to strengthen the protection of grassland, strictly prohibiting opening up wasteland, positively exploiting natural gas and marsh gas so as to keep desertification of Xinjiang within limits, imposing ecological tax on businesses and residents and constructing regional ecological preservation mechanism.In conclusion, through analyzing the economic and social development of Xinjiang and assessing the existing regional public policy in Xinjiang,the paper first puts emphasis on regional differences in space and time and innovation of system, then makes some suggestions on several aspects of the regional public policy in Xinjiang, eg. the policies of population and employment, the policies of finance and taxation, the policy of industry, the policy of protecting ecological environment. Finally, the paper makes some complementation in the study of population,and resource and environment economics.