A Study On Technological Change Pattern Of Grain In China

To contribute to the progress of agricultural technology, China has made remarkable achievements in agricultural development. There is a historic change in the supply of major agricultural products from a long-term shortage to surplus in foison year. The grain output increased from 113.18 million tons in 1949 to 484.022 million tons in 2005, and the annual growth rate is 5.85%. Technological advances have made tremendous contributions to China's grain development. Meanwhile, China's agricultural science and technology issues a reality of a low conversion rate. At present, annual registration of the new agricultural science and technology achievements is more than 30 in China, but the conversion rate is just 30% -40%. Many achievements can't change into practical productivity. There are many reasons for the low translation rate, include the distemperedness of extensive system, the low ability of users ,and the applicability of the results. Only by meeting the requirements of the productivity and market demands, technology can be transform into practical productivity. According to forecasts, China's population will reach 1.5 billion in 2033. How to suffice for the demand of 1.5 billion people? Food production is facing severe tests. Meanwhile, sown area of grain crops made a smaller contribution to output. There is a downward trend of sown area. Only by relying on the growth of yield per hectare we can increase grain yield levels. And the growth of yield per hectare must depend on the progress of technology. Understanding the pattern of agricultural technology progress, we can make rational allocation of agricultural science and technology resources. And we can get advancement in agriculture from three aspects: the applicability of technologies, validity of technological extension, and the farm's initiative.Through quantitative analysis, we analyze the mode of technological advances in several major grains and explore the development trends of China's scientific and technological progress patterns. Based on the survey data about farmers (the demander of China's agricultural technology), we analyze the status quo on the demand of different types of agricultural technology and factors affecting the demand. On the basis of quantitative analysis, we propose ways and means of extending agricultural technology in China.Based on pattern analysis of rice, maize, and wheat technological progress, we get some conclusions. 1. Mechanical and biochemical technology of grain has been enhanced to a large extent. Mechanical technology is dominant in wheat and corn production but different instance in rice. The course of main technology progress mode in rice production (for example: early-rice) consists of three stages: 1980s, major technological advances is mechanical technology, but that is biochemical technology in 1990s and mechanical technology in the 21st. 2. The technology fluctuation of wheat is acute, and that of paddy is calm. 3. The technology level of west dropped behind.Based on the analysis of technological advances in the three crops to sort out the historical development path, we analyzes the status of China's rural households technology needs according to the Ministry of Agriculture survey of households technology. We get some conclusions. 1. Farmers who planting grain crop generally have a more strongly demand for biochemical technology and relatively weak demand for machinery technology. And the demand for machinery technology is affected by farmer's age, sex, yield size, etc. 2. With the continuing popularity of information technology, farmers have strong demand for information technology. Information technology's role in China's agricultural production will be more obvious. 3. The direct ways such as face-to-face teaching, training are suitable for technologies about seeds and farm management. And machinery technology, information technology is suitable for relative indirect approaches, such as broadcast television, paper, and companies. 4. seed and field management techniques are fit to teach according with the farming season ,and machinery, information, storage technology is suitable for processed one-time during the off-season.