A Research On Rural Public Goods Supply System Development During The Transformation Period In China

Our country has just stepped into the intermediate stage of industrialization, while supply deficiency and demand deficiency both exist in rural public goods. It has transformed the unbalanced development strategy with main characteristics of stressing the industry while ignoring the agriculture, stressing the urban areas while ignoring the rural areas into the urban-rural coordinated development strategy with main characteristics of compensating the agriculture by the industry, and supporting the rural areas with the urban areas, so it objectively requires readjusting the overall goal of rural public goods supply system reformation, rapidly promotes transformation from the urban-rural dualization public goods supply system to the urban-rural unification system, improves the rural public goods supply quality and efficiency, and then perfects basic rural public product supply system. In the process of constructing the harmonious society of socialism and the new rural reconstruction, the rural public goods supply system reformation becomes a focus by the academia and the actual department. Present practice exploration related to rural public goods supply responsibility, supply main body, supply method and supply efficiency, greatly promotes the rural public goods supply system reformation and construction.This paper includes eight chapters. Chapter One and Two are design parts of this dissertation, which on the basis of related research progress home and abroad introduces the background, significance, main methods, basic structure, theory foundation, etc. According to Market Failure and Govemment Failure theory, Transitional Society Administrative Pattern, Public Goods Supply Theory and the rural public goods supply characteristics, it introduces a transitional public goods concept, and distinguishes the different types of rural public goods in transitional period. Chapter Three and Four mainly research on current situation of rural public goods in China, the rural public goods supply's lag influence factors and innovation thought. The result from peasant questionnaire survey, agriculture-concerned personnel questionnaire survey and related home survey indicates that it is supply deficiency which mainly causes the low efficiency of the rural public goods supply in our country. The main influence factors of the rural public goods supply's lag are the strategy inclining to the non-agricultural industry implemented for a long term, and public product urban-rural dualization supply system, so it is necessary to take innovation under urban-rural areas' coordination development strategy. Chapter Five and Six mainly research on the reconstruction of the rural public goods supply structure and innovation of supply system. It studies the reconstruction of the rural public goods supply structure in transitional period in view of system reconstruction goal, relationships between government and market, efficiency and justice, central govemment and local govemment; from rural public goods multi-supply, supply operating mechanism and operating pattern, it proposes and proves the overall thought of rural public goods supply mechanism innovation in China. Chapter Seven and Eight are countermeasures and conclusions. On the basis of empirical research and normative analysis, it discusses the policy orientation and the key point of system frame reconstruction in the rural public goods supply system reformation. Finally, it puts forward the conclusions and research prospects.This paper mainly adopts both empirical research method and normative analysis method. Through the whole research of the dissertation, it continuously carried out total 1,121 questionnaires for three times. In peasant household questionnaire about the rural public goods supply questions, it selects 34 villages from 7 provinces (city) including Shandong, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Henan as survey places which can stand for the whole condition of main crop-producing areas; it selects 20-50 peasant households from every village to carry on the investigation, and 839 valid questionnaires are collected, on the principle of standing for the village's whole condition. The survey target is to understand the current situation of rural sociality public goods, rural productive public goods in main crop-producing areas of east and middle areas, peasants' satisfaction, and rural public goods supply priority based on peasants' need. And it makes statistical analysis on the valid questionnaires by SPSS 13.0. Moreover, it does questionnaire survey about related rural public goods supply priority on 82 agriculture-concerned personnel from 6 provinces including Middle Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi etc., interviewing survey about government public goods supply behavior pattern on partial government departments, officials and peasant households from Cangshan county, Shandong Province, and questionnaire survey about the government public goods supply behavior evaluation on 200 households peasant households Cangshan county. By normative analysis method, it discusses the rural public goods supply's lag influence factors and the reformation thought from the perspectives of strategy, institution and system, and designs the reconstruction frame of rural public goods supply system in transformational period from the overall goal of system construction.There are four main research conclusions as follows: (1) The rural public goods supply system reformation should take the urban-rural area developmental strategy reforming as foundation. The strategy inclining to the non-agricultural industry implemented in the initial industrialization period and its public goods supply system are the main causes for the current rural public goods supply lag, and it is of great necessity to reform and reconstruct rural public goods supply based on transformation from the urban-rural dualization to unification. The current goal of system reformation and reconstruction is to realize the equalization of basic public goods supply, full exert public goods supply to reduce the urban and rural inhabitant income disparity, and promote the urban-rural area balanced development; The long-term goal or the ultimate goal is to establish a urban-rural unification public goods supply system and the productive public goods supply system with the industry compensating to the agriculture. (2) In a whole, it is available for our country to gradually realize the basic public goods equalization at present and reduce the urban-rural area public goods supply disparity. However, it yet doesn't have the supply ability adapted with the actual demand of rural public goods, which indicates in the near future public product supply for the local rural inhabitant, especially in the backward areas, will be at a rather lower level, and the shortage of rural public goods supply will also maintain for a center time. (3) Partial rural public goods supply in our country has the transitional characteristics in the transformational period, and the rural public goods supply system reformation and reconstruction needs the government providing the necessary transitional institution or policy security, enhances the ability to deal with the rural economy society to sustainable vicissitude and well solve the reforming conflicts, slowing down the conflict between section and structure in the rural public goods supply demand. Every level of intergovemmental governance delimits in the rural public goods supply system will present the obvious transition characteristics. The transformation of public product urban-rural dualization supply system and the basic public goods urban-rural unification supply process also have the obvious transition characteristics. (4) In the relationship between government and market, it should steadily proceed marketization under the guarantee of the government supply responsibility. In earlier period of rural public goods supply system reformation, for the influence of the government's long-term supply vacancy or shortage, the society pays attention to the realization of the basic rural public goods supply government responsibility; while in the later reforming period, along with the gradual realization of the government's responsibility, the focus will shift to the overall urban-rural public goods supply system, the rural public goods supply level, quality, efficiency and so on.The innovation of this dissertation is shown in the following three aspects: (1) Through residence questionnaire survey on 839 peasant households in east and middle areas, it emphasizes the current situation of rural sociality public goods, rural productiveness public goods in main crop-producing areas of east and middle areas, peasants' satisfaction, and rural public goods supply priority based on peasants' need, analyzes the peasant households' differential evaluation on various public goods supply satisfaction and differential demand of supply priority from different income levels, sources of income, and the operating modes, which is the author's original research. (2) It discusses the China rural public goods supply system innovation in transitional period and basic thought of reconstruction, namely: transforming rural public goods supply policy stressing the industry while ignoring the agriculture, stressing the urban areas while ignoring the rural areas, and urban-rural and industry-agriculture split supply and governing pattern into the urban-rural coordinated development structure; diverting co-existing inner system supply deficiency and outer system nonstandard supply situation to establishing rather perfect rural basic public goods supply system; turning government-monopolized management to government and society co-management. (3) It proposes the concept of "transitional public goods" on the periodical structure maladjustment or market failure phenomenon caused by rural economy and society transform for the first time, which theoretically differentiates two-type public goods: rural society public goods and productive public goods, regards that it is of necessity to provide transitional system and policy guarantee for our country's rural public goods supply in rural transitional period, and furthermore, makes a preliminary probe into rural transitional public goods supply system.