Study On The Countryside Non-Agriculture Drift From Industrial Cluster Angle

As an effective organizing form which can promote the industrial competitiveness, industrial cluster is the engine of region economy development, and the booster of rural industrialization and urbanization. Looking over the Zhujiang Delta, the Yangtze River delta and the round of Bohai sea Gulf in our nation, any of them which have developed cluster economy is a prosperous place with rapid development of industry and city, meanwhile a vanguard of Non-agriculture drift. With the central government's summons to construct new socialism countryside, it is undoubtedly very meaningful and valuable to do a deep level research on the relationship between industrial cluster and non-agriculture drift, so as to discover effective ways of non-agriculture drift based on the regional industrial cluster, and present good policy suggestions to enhance the industrial cluster's positive influence on the countryside non-agriculture drift. Three major parts are included in the paper. Firstly, review and summary of some basic theories about the industrial cluster's forming mechanism, its effects, and the non-agriculture drift related ones. The review and summary are based on domestic and foreign scholars'research fruits, combining with the real situation of our nation's industrial cluster. This part is the theoretical foundation of the paper. Secondly, analysis of industrial cluster's function mechanism on rural economy development, farmer non-agriculture drift, countryside urbanization, the analysis is backed up by empirical research with macroscopic statistical data and illustrative cases. Finally, discussion on administration and development pattern of industrial cluster from countryside non-agriculture drift angle, and several policy proposals for development was presented. The full text is divided into six chapters:Chapter 1, Introduction. The background introduction of the topic selection, the goal and significance of the research are included in this chapter; moreover it elaborated the domestic and foreign dynamic research comprehensively, and illustrated the paper's mentality, techniques applied and innovations.Chapter 2, Theoretical analysis on relations between industrial cluster and countryside non-agriculture. This chapter laid theoretical foundation for the whole paper. From different angles, the domestic and foreign scholars defined industrial cluster, and demonstrated its six characteristics, namely the space aggregation nature, the industrial relatedness, the specialized labor division, the network organization sense, the study innovation, the social cooperation. From five aspects, elements of production, demand condition, industrial atmosphere, environmental condition and technological innovation, the paper summarized the emerging and development conditions for industrial cluster, especially in our rural areas, and attributed its development power to five mechanisms, the pressure mechanism, the complementarity mechanism, the outside transaction expense mechanism, and the knowledge externality mechanism. Based on acquired understanding of non-agriculture drift, the paper thought that the countryside non-agriculture drift mainly involved three aspects: First one, the rural economy development, which is mainly manifested by the total economy quantity increase, the elevation of industrialization level, and the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structures, especially the continuous increase of rural service industry. Second one is peasants'non-agriculture drift. The rich peasants were emphasized here, that is to say some wealthy peasants were no longer engaged in agriculture production but shifted into agriculture-related production areas, such as agricultural product processing industry, service industry, information circulation industry or other manufacturing industries. The final result of the excess farming labor shift is progressive income increase, stable improvement of life standards, and going colorful, healthy life styles for both communities in and outside the agriculture production, and a more profound transformation is the quality promotion, multiplex trend of local consciousness and so on. The third one is the countryside urbanization. The urbanization process mainly manifests in the urban population centralization, the idle capital centralization, the farmland centralization, the high efficiency of construction land, the enhancement of infrastructure system and so on. Comprehensively, the countryside non-agriculture drift has involved various transformations, such as the economical, social life, and the political culture. In the final part of this chapter, the industrial cluster's promoting effects on non-agriculture drift were analyzed from both economic and social aspects.Chapter 3, Action mechanism of industrial cluster promoting rural economy. Rural economy involves the countryside agricultural economy, the village industry economy, and the countryside commercial economy .Thus the rural economy development also covers the development of three industries and their development coordination. In order to achieve three industries'coordination in countryside, the industrialization should be placed in the first place, at the same time, perfects the rural market structure and its function, and cultivates the service and information industry. All these practices can promote the adjustment of rural industry structure, making them more rational and advanced, and realize the modernization of agriculture via the industry's nurturing.The article firstly gave a brief description of the industry space aggregation phenomenon during the rural economy development process and carried on analysis to its reason. Next, it defined the essence of rural economy development as the elevation of countryside industrialization level, the rationalization and advancement of rural industry structure, and the completeness of rural market system. Thirdly, the paper analyzed the industrial cluster's function mechanism on the up three aspects respectively. Finally in order to discover effective and concrete ways industrial cluster promoting the rural economy directly, the author selected the carton industry cluster in Weifeng Hu County, Shaanxi Province as an example. Site investigation and empirical analysis was done on this case.Chapter 4, Action mechanism of industrial cluster promoting the peasants non-agriculture drift level. Through meaning illustration of farmer non-agriculture drift, the farmer-resident change, the farmer modernization, we know that the farmer-resident change is only one aspect of non-agriculture drift. Non-agriculture drift implication has a broader extension. Non-agriculture drift is an effective way to solve the population relatively surplus in agriculture production area. Its substantive goal is to make the farmers either remained in or shifted-out live more valuable, more scientific and healthier lives, keeping them adapt to the modern society's development, and follow the era's steps forwards. The paper thinks industrial cluster is an effective mode to cause the farmer non-agriculture drift, then modernization. Based on the predecessors'studies, the paper further pointed out the essence of farmer non-agriculture drift, and from four directions, the rural labor force shift, the farmer income increase, the countryside human capital accumulation, and the transformation of life style and ideology, it did a thorough and systemic analysis on industrial cluster action mechanism on farmer non-agriculture drift. Finally it did some empirical analysis on the relevance between industrial cluster and rural labor shift, the farmer income increase, using the bulk economic statistics data from Zhejiang province.Chapter 5, Interaction mechanism between industrial cluster and countryside urbanization. As an efficient organizing form, industrial cluster can gather different kinds of social resources, such as the industrial labor force, the fund, the land, the information, the technology and so on, which create favorable conditions for enterprises'survival and development, provide the industrial support for cities'economical development, and improve the inhabitants'work, life, and entertainment conditions with great increase of income. Firstly, the paper made an hypothesis that the cluster economy level is a important attribute to countryside urbanization level, that is to say, the higher the cluster economy level, the greater the promotion function. Based on this, a general theory model was given illustrating the relation between cluster economy development and the countryside urbanization growth. Secondly, along with the research on industrial cluster's influence, the author found that the countryside urbanization level is not only influenced by industrial cluster's development, but also restricted by the local policy environment. The industrial cluster development degree decides the industrial aggregation degree and the population concentration degree, so by selecting five variables, the industrial cluster development level, the policy environmental factor, the industrial aggregation degree, the population concentration degree, and the urbanization level, the paper established a cause and effect path model among them. Secondly, the paper carried on deep analysis on the interaction mechanism between industrial cluster and countryside urbanization. Finally, some valid conclusions are drawn based on the theoretical analysis and quantification analysis through canonical correlation analysis method.Chapter 6, Administration and development pattern of industrial cluster based on countryside non-agriculture drift. The industrial cluster administration is the participants'relations arrangement, carried out by official or unofficial organizations and individuals through economic contract signing and social relations inserting, whose core is the system arrangement between enterprises, essentially, the coordination method and contract arrangement among organizations. The contract arrangement contains not only formal ones guarded by the law system and other authorities, but also the informal ones secured by unofficial standards which formed and recognized among the organizations. Based on the processors'studies, the paper firstly made summary and induction on the industrial cluster's administration concept, characteristics, structure, and mechanism. Next based on the recognition that agricultural industry cluster is an effective pattern to promote harmonious development between cluster and agriculture & countryside, the paper further summarized the agricultural industry cluster's concept, characteristics, and effects, thus proposed some agricultural industry cluster upgrading strategy. Finally, suggested some related measures to promote the rural economy development, the farmer income increase, and countryside urbanization from the external policy aspect.