Study On The Arrangement Of Marine Industries In The Pan-Yellow Sea District

At present,there are still no foreign studies specifically on the marine industry layout Related researches are mainly concentrated in two areas,they are general industrial layout and ports layout. Among them, the studies on the location of ports are mainly based on the following three aspects: siting of a single port; spatial structure evolution of a single port; spatial structure evolution of port system.The factors affecting the marine industry layout mainly include natural resources and natural conditions, geographical location, social and political factors, economic factors and technical factors.Marine industrial layout should abide by the following principles: to develope land-sea coordinatedly; to comply with the geographical division of labor laws, to highlight key points at the basis of local advantage; to rely on scientific and technological progress; to insist in the foundation status of market in the allocation of resources; to comply with the scientific concept of development to achieve sustainable development; to establish industrial clusters awareness, and promote industrial allagtion, and to insist in the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits.Different marine industries have different location-orienation. Marine fishery industry is resource-oriennated, sea salt and salinity industry are climate-oriennated, ocean shipping industry is intellectuality-oriennated and funds-oriennated, marine oil and gas industry is resource-oriennated, the port industry is geography-oriennated and natural conditions-oriennated, Coastal tourism is the level of economic development -oriennated and resources-oriennated.Marine Industry Cluster is the proliferation of the evolution of the general layout of the marine industry, and urbanization economy and localization economy are inner mechanisms of the allagtion and diffusion of marine industry.There are four marine industrial distribution modes: homogeneous mode, professional mode, hierarchy mode and point-axis mode.Analysis On the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico three cases reveals the following enlightenments: the local marine industry layout should be arraged on the basis of local conditions; marine industrial layout has land and sea integration tendency; marine industries tend to be concentrated; specialization and concentration are the underlying trends of the spacial evolution of the structure of modern port system, and we should think about the layout of a regional port system from a regional, developmental, and linked viewpoint; shipping companies hold a dominant position in the current consignors- port-shipping company relationships, and the shipping companies'location decision factors should be more brought into the port layout decision; the shipping companies'location decision should be guided, and we should take the maximization of the benefits of the tripartite as the principle of arranging regional port layout; the rational distribution of marine industry needs international cooperation.Currently, the overall marine industry layout of the Pan-Yellow Sea region should take the point-axis layout mode. The Pan-Yellow Sea coastal region can be divided into three comprehensive marine economic zones, including 4 first-class comprehensive marine economic zones, 8 second-class comprehensive marine economic zones, and 14 third-class comprehensive economic zones.In the future, the offshore fishing intensity of the Pan-Yellow Sea region should be further controlled; and its seawater aquaculture industry layout can be outlined according to the "4 zones with 6 districts"pattern.The basic scheme of the Pan-Yellow Sea region shipbuilding industry layout of is: to build primarily two shipbuilding industrial base, they are the Yangtze River Delta shipbuilding base and the Bohai Bay cycle shipbuilding base, and at the same time to develope the local shipbuilding industry as a supplement, and as a result to form a pattern gradually that large-scale backbone shipyards develope rapidly, and small and medium-sized shipbuilding enterprises accelerate, and various enterprises and related agencies supporting develope coordinatedly.The majority of sea salt chemical enterprises of the Pan-Yellow Sea region concentrated in the Liaodong Bay, Laizhou Bay, and Changlu Lianghuai four traditional salt production areas. In the future,the salt industry of the Pan-Yellow Sea region should maintain the current overall layout of Liaoning salt production areas, Changlu salt production areas, Shandong salt production areas and Lianghuai salt production areas four salt production areas, but expand Shandong production areas appropriately, and sustain the stability of Liaoning and Changlu salt production areas, and appropriately reduce Lianghuai salt production area.Bohai Sea is the most concentrated area of the oil and gas industry in the Pan-Yellow Sea region, and is also China's major oil-producing area. In the future, Bohai Sea should be built into a comprehensive oil industrial base of our country. Take the building of Caofeidian, Tianjin Port, Dalian, Yingkou Port, and some other large and medium-sized oil terminals as an opportunity to build Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei Tangshan and Cangzhou, Lubei four major oil and chemical industry bases.Speed up the process of developing and utilizing Bohai Sea natural gas resources.The region's port layout should follow "the nation's coastal port layout planning".The tourism industry of the Pan-Yellow Sea region is still in the point pattern formation stage. In the future, its tourism industry layout should take the point layout mode as the main layout mode, and the linear layout mod as the supplenment one, and primarily develope Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao, Dalian four central cities, and Yantai, Qinhuangdao, Jinzhou, Huludao and Lianyungang five sub-centres cities.To ensure the implementation of the layout programme, the Pan-Yellow Sea region should strengthen the land-sea integration awareness, strengthen marine foundation work, make up the industrial distribution policy to intervene and guide the marine industrial layout, and establish a sound comprehensive marine management system, establish the system relevant to the use of the waters, strengthen the management of maritime space utilization.