Research On Ordering Policies And Coordination Of Fresh Supply Chain Under Circulative Loss-controlling

The fresh agricultural product (FAP) supply chain management that is supermarket-oriented should be applied to dredge the fresh circulation channel and quicken the step of agriculture industrialization which is a significant topic during the process of agriculture's healthy and continuous development. But nowadays, the circulative loss is serious in our country but the level of management is not high. In this study, the recessive reasons resulting of loss is explored, and then the optimal ordering policies and the coordination policies are studied one after the other with the basic aim to controlling loss.Firstly, the connotation of circulative loss of FAP is redefined which is divided into physical loss and valuable loss subsequently. Then the area where loss occurs is extended from interior supermarket to the entire circulation channel. Based on analysis of the reason resulting of loss from market mechanism, channel structure, business mechanism and informatization construction, some circulation and management questions of FAP are derived.Secondly, considering the value of the deteriorated FAP is zero, a deteriorating inventory model is developed with demand rate dependent inventory level and decay rate, and then the ordering policy taking into account the shelf life and storage capacity constraint is investigated with two last ordering opportunities on condition that the planning horizon can be modified. The conclusion implies that the optimal ordering cycle must exceed shelf life, but the non-integral ordering cycle should keep in shelf life.Thirdly, under the assumption that the retailer orders his products with the mode of many ordering times and small ordering quantity per time, a time-volume discount is developed with the traditional volume discount in time limit which is then divided into all-volume discount in time limit and incremental volume discount in time limit. An optimal ordering policy is studied taking into account the time value of time. The conclusion implies that the all-volume discount is better to inspire the retailer increasing order quantity than incremental volume discount; the cost of retailer decreases when the time limit relaxes. In other aspect, the time-volume discount just contributes to coordinate the supply chain without solving the problem of sales promotion. Moreover, an EOQ model of FAP with demand rate dependent price and freshness is developed under progressive price discount. The conclusion implies that the retailer has no drive to decrease the loss in discount time periods.Fourthly, a deteriorating model is developed with loss rate dependent effort level. After an axiom is proposed that the effort can decrease circulative loss, the thirty-party finish processing mode is proposed as which the fresh distribution center plays the operational site. Under the above assumption, the optimal ordering policy of FAP is studied. When the distributor and the retailer cooperate to control the circulative loss, the conclusion implies that the FAP supply chain can reach collaboration; and the unit loss is less small, but the unit total profit is bigger even if the retailer pays out high effort.Finaly, on the base of the former conclusions, a loss-controlling method is proposed that the loss can be decreased by decreasing period profit. It is different from the traditional coordination policies, such as revenue sharing and backlogging, this thesis proved that the method proposed above can coordinate the SAP supply chain under physical loss. When the system ordering period equals to the retailer's optimal ordering period under the decentralized decision, the system loss is least.