A Study On The Development Pattern Of Universal Medical Insurance System In China

The social status that all patients have economic strength and places to see a doctor is one of the important symbols of civilization and harmoniousness in human society. But in our country, as the changed of the situation of society and economy, the social medical security system had a devious developing process. In this process, there had ever been many achievements, but more problems. In 2005, Development Research Center of the State Council published a research report titled of "Estimate and Advice to the Reform of Medical Care System in China", and pointed out that the reform of medical care system in China was basically unsuccessful. This once again made the reform of medical care system be the focus of the government and public's attentions.In August 2008, the new reform scheme of medical care system was promulgated, and came into the one month's collecting opinions phase. The new scheme definitely pointed out that the basic medical care system covering city and countryside would be established in 2020 on the whole. In January 2009, after analyzing and absorbing the public opinions, the State Council deliberated and passed the new reform scheme of medical care system, and further stated the goal of actualizing the basic medical care system covering city and countryside in 2011.Supported by the insurance, economics and risk management theory, and applying the analysis method of the institutionalism, historical analysis, normative analysis and empirical analysis, this dissertation gives a penetrating analysis on the ideological origin, the political basis, and the economic feasibility of the universal medical insurance system, in order to establish a sustainable universal medical insurance pattern, and contribute on providing theory reference for medical insurance policy making in our country.There are two sections and seven chapters exclusive introduction in this dissertation. The first section including four chapters concentrates on the theory basis; and the second section including three chapters concentrates on the pattern design.Chapter one begins with the meaning of the disease risk, analyses the risk situation and treatment methods, then discusses the medical care market failure and government responsibility. Chapter two mainly explains the meaning of the universal medical insurance and the universal medical insurance system. Chapter three discusses the ideological origin of the universal medical insurance from the capitalistic and socialistic aspect. Chapter four discusses the political basis of the universal medical insurance. Chapter five reviews the development history of the social medical security system in our country, and analyses the reasons for the success and failure of the systems. Chapter six applies both the normative and empirical methods to analyze the feasibility of the universal medical insurance system. Chapter seven designs the feasible pattern of the universal medical insurance system, and proposes the concrete measures to achieve the goal.This dissertation tries to innovate as follows: (1) Concerning the universal medical insurance system pattern, It brings forward a new pattern called "three components in one system". (2) Based on the pattern in the near future, It discusses the provincial and countrywide unification pattern. (3) It applies the historical analysis to sum up the ideological origin and the political basis of the universal medical insurance. (4) It designs the relative index pay system instead of the absolute index for the basis medical insurance in both town and village.