Study Of China's Pension System Reform

China's old-age insurance system starts in the 1950s, which firstly was one kind of institution with limited objects under planned economy. The nation provided unified administration of pension and ensured the relevant payment. In the 1990s, for adapting the new situation's need of reform and open policy, our country's old-age insurance implemented social plan, gradually began to expand the coverage and increase the sources of funds. The Third Plenary Session of the Fourteenth Central Committee explicitly proposed that we have to develop the basic old-age insurance system combining social plan with individual account. After more than ten years'development, our country's old-age security system has made certain achievements, but there are still several problems which couldn't meet people's growing needs. The problems include that timely payment of social plan is unable to make ends meet, individual account exists emptiness and gaps, the management system is not perfect, the institution is not unified, coverage of the urban old-age insurance is not wide, rural traditional pattern of old-age insurance has weak social security ability which takes land safeguard as a foundation and focuses on family support, and so on. Facing stern situation, in order to realize good and fast development of economics and society, The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee takes"a sense of old-age support"as an important content in the construction of socialist harmonious society; the reports of Party's Seventeenth National People's Congress also proposed that"we must speed up the establishment of social security system covering urban and rural residents", and"we must strengthen the old-age work". Therefore, it has very important significance to summarize our country's experiences and lessons on reform of old-age insurance system, and use international experiences for reference, which can help us to carry out scientific development, develop social security, embody people-oriented idea, and promote construction of harmonious society.This thesis takes Marxism as guidance and comprehensively uses the following methods: comparative study, systems analysis, combination specification analysis with empirical analysis, and combination history with logic. It compares and analyzes various countries'systems, models and evolution paths of old-age security, tries to find out their general rules and discover the key aspects which have great influences on the system evolution, such as culture, economy, politics and so on. Through the comparison and analysis on advantages and disadvantages of models, we can draw on the overseas advanced experiences, summarize their insufficiencies, and provide references for the establishment of old-age security system adapting China's national conditions.The whole paper is altogether divided into introduction remakes and the main text which contains six chapters. In the introduction part, it mainly clarifies selected topic's theoretical, practical background and significances, summarizes old-age security theory's present situation, achievements and insufficiencies, explains the research techniques, and makes a general account of the full text's framework, major points and innovations.The first chapter mainly carries out analysis on historical evolution process of old-age security system from both theoretical and practical prospective. The first section points out that old-age security system has undergone an unceasingly evolution along with the human history's development, defines historical development periods of the system, and analyzes each period's characteristics. The second section primarily analyzes various theories of old-age security system in each historical period, inspects theories'evolution process and ways, and provides theoretical guidance for the subsequent chapters.The second chapter mainly introduces reform progress and experiences of overseas old-age security system. It chiefly analyzes respective development situation of reform, characteristics, success and failure of developed countries, developing countries, and the countries in the process of system switches. Then, it points out the experiences that our country could use for reference.The third chapter elaborates the developing process of our country's old-age security system, analyzes the current situation, and points out its achievements as well as the existing main problems during the reform development.The fourth chapter expounds the principles and guiding ideas on the reform of our country's old-age security system. It firstly analyzes the fundamental realities and national environment to impel further reform on the system. Then, it puts forward the guiding ideas and principles we should follow in the reform combined with the basic national conditions.The fifth chapter carries out the discussion on the reform of our country's old-age insurance system, and proposes reform's principles and specific ideas. This article holds that the reform goal of our country's old-age insurance system is to establish one institutional framework including three levels which are basic social old-age insurance, compulsory individual account with complete accumulation, and voluntary commercial old-age insurance. This chapter also discusses related measures to develop the enterprise's annuity and reform.The sixth chapter makes initial analysis on the reform of our country's rural old-age security system. It points out reform's basic environment, reform objectives in the future, and puts forward some proposals in principle.The Study indicates that in the new time, China's old-age security system is incomplete and the function is imperfect. It has profound significance and will be a long-term process to construct an old-age security system corresponding with China's national conditions. As one kind of quasi-public goods, old-age security requests that our government has to do something: we should form a value orientation taking equity as the core, display the social functions of old-age security fully, and promote social harmony.