| Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region(HFIR) is the important part of China's key stateowned forestry areas and the old industrial bases in northeast of China.The total area in the management of HFIR is 22%of land area of Heilongjiang,forestry land area is 28.3%of the total area of the Northeastern Inner Mongolia key state-owned forestry areas,is the important ecological barriers of Northeast and North of China.Since 1949,HFIR produced a total of 507 million m~3 of timber,is 20.3%of the country's total output of timber over the same period,and is an important production base of timber in our country.HFIR has played an important role in the maintenance of ecological security and the promotion of China's economic and social development.However,because of the long-term constraints in the institution,resources, structure and so on,HFIR is still not out of crisis situation of forest resources and the distress of enterprise economy.Entering the new century,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council building a well-off society,the revitalization of the old industrial bases in northeast China,to build a harmonious society and accelerating the development of forestry decisions provides a rare historical opportunity for HFIR achieving comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development.Facing with the new situation,how to solve the difficulties and obstacles in development of HFIR,it is an important issue placed in front of HFIR.In this study,by science development view as a guide,adopting combination of standardized and Empirical,adopting combination of qualitative and quantitative,applying the new theories and the new methods of forestry classification management theory,ecological economics,new institutional economics,regional economic development theory,innovation theory,sustainable development theory,strategic management theory,system dynamics principle,this paper studies the followings.(1) The development course,the Connotation and characteristics of HFIR.(2) The development environment and orientation analysis of HFIR.(3) The management system innovation of HFIR.(4) The dynamic simulation of forest volume and ecosystem construction of HFIR.(5) The construction of economy society culture and security system of HFIR.This paper is desirous to solve the main obstructions and problems in the development of HFIR,to seek a new path and new model of comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development of HFIRThis paper have obtained the following main innovations and conclusions:(1) put forward the state-owned forest region division theory.The division theory is the management function division of state-owned forest region in accordance with the principle of specialization to achieve the specialized business and management of ecological,economic,social and cultural system construction.The so-called management function division is the management function division of state-owned forest region in accordance with the principle of specialization, to establish government administration,state-owned forest resources assets supervision and state-owned enterprises operation "the three main bodies",to break the three synergetic management systems.To break the management system of Forest Region management main bodies of merging one of "government,enterprises,assets manager" the three authorities.(2) Put forward the institutional design of"three main bodies" construction.Construction of forest region" the three main bodies",that is,the main body of state-owned forest resource management,the main body of forest industry enterprise management,the main body of forest region government administration,through" the three main bodies" building to ensure the management of forest resources,enterprise management and government administration" the three functions" strengthening.(3) Put forward measures and proposals of achieving "the three main bodies" harmonization.Put forward the countermeasures of sorting out "the three main bodies" investment channel.(4) According to SD simulation analysis,the consumption structure of forest volume of commercial forest region is extremely unreasonable.From 2003 to 2006,mature and over-mature forest of commercial forest region have provided only 7% output of commercial timber.The current 4.19 million m~3 timber yield is an unsustainable, high-cost forest management mode.(5)The 1.75 million m~3 commercial timber yield of the HFIR established by the State Council is difficult to meet the demand which mature and overmature forest of commercial forest region and limited forest region produce.We need cut forest volume of middle-age forest,nearly mature forest,scattered trees,thin stocked land,the demand can be equilibrium.The 1.75 million m~3 timber yield also is the timber yield that goes beyond forest carrying capacity through another angle.(6) Research the best combination of forest volume consumption under different timber production.(7) 1.03 million m~3 timber yield is the best management plan.Comparing with different management scheme,the 1.03 million m~3 timber production regardless of the angle of the forest resources protection,or the forest ecosystem sustainable management,is the best forest management plan.However,the reduction of deforestation subject to the pressure on the forest region economy,in the absence of external economic compensation and internal economic development,the reduction of timber output is unrealistic behavior.(8) Regardless of which management scheme,the mature and over-mature forest volume of commercial forest region will be stagnating in the bottom in the longer period of time.The over-mature forest volume is in the condition between the beetle and block,and is very weak to supply capacity.Regardless of which management scheme,the mature forest volume of commercial forest region had been on the decline and maintenance phase in 2017 before.The over-mature forest volume of commercial forest region cab be cut in the range of only 2 to 4%,and is on the decline and maintenance phase in 2024 before,only after 20 years to edge upwards.It also further prove that the natural forest protection project scheduled time should be again prolonged for a further extension of 30 to 40 year references.(9)Put forward the construction countermeasures of ecological,economic,social, and security system.The three main systems should be coordinated development.Each system can not maximize their own goal,and should consider the goal of other two systems,and should choose the intersection of the common goal of the three main systems.We must achieve ecological,economic,social and cultural three main benefits of the harmony and unity.In this study the major significance of the theory and practice was embodied in two aspects:(1) The innovation of development theory of the state-owned forest region.It proposed the state-owned forest region division theory,and then designed the new system of HFIR in accordance with this theory.This theory has the guidance significance to reform the management system of state-owned forest region.This theory had been applied by Qinghe Forestry Bureau to achieve the reformation of the interior separation of government from enterprise,which was affirmed by the State Forestry Bureau and Heilongjiang provincial leadership.HFIR has eight Forestry Bureau experimental units that practiced the interior separation reformation of government from enterprise.This thinking of the division of stateowned forest region that has shown a positive role in guiding the practice of forestry management system reformation.(2) The model of application of system dynamics makes the dynamic simulation and analysis of forest volume system.It indicate theoretically output of 1.75 million m~3 timber decided by the state in the Forest Industry "11th Five-Year Plan" period is a super carrying capacity of production which is not a reasonable choice.The 1.03 million m~3 timber production is the best project.The various management plans of SD simulation could provide guidance of the forest management project design for practice departments.To select the best combination of resource consumption,reduce middle-aged and near-mature forest harvesting proportion to increase supply capacity of forest resources to achieve sustainable forest ecosystem management in different timber production is of important guiding significance.
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