Construction Of Public-Private Partnership Of Urban Public Transport Service In China

In recent years, with the rapid development of society and economy, the present urban public transport service in China can not satisfy the public's increasingly higher requirement for it. With the reform of public service, urban public transport service in China is looking for a new market-oriented reformational road. With reference to the study achievement home and abroad, based on the theories of new political economics, public management and economics, taking the resource attributes of urban public transport service as the starting point and the system of urban public transport service as the axis, the paper studies urban public transport service in China and public-private partnership. The writer tries to construct a pattern suitable for China's market-oriented reform of urban public transport service by discussing how to achieve optimum balance between the government and the market, how to select an ideal pattern for China's urban public transport service reform, and how to enforce effectively this pattern.First of all, the paper conducts a general survey of the basic theories of urban public transport service and public-private partnership. After defining several basic concepts of urban public transport service and introducing the basic attributes of urban public transport service, supply modes of public utility and some supply modes of urban public transport service, the paper proposes public-private partnership of urban public transport service and discusses the basic theories, origin and definition of public-private partnership of urban public transport service from a historical point of view. At last the paper elaborates on the theoretical basis of public-private partnership of urban public transport service, which lays the foundations for the statement that public-private partnership is the ideal pattern China's for urban public transport service.Secondly, the paper reflects on China's market-oriented reform of urban public transport service. Based on the practice of market-oriented reform of urban public transport service present in China, by contrasting two different market-oriented practice patterns, the paper points out that an ideal market-oriented reform in China is a limited market-oriented, which means that it is a reform of supply system of urban public transport service rather than a reform of government functions of urban public transport service. This limited market-oriented reform can show the advantages of both the government and the market, which is exactly what is needed in China. In the contrast of the practice of urban public transport service, public-private partnership is proposed as an ideal reform model in China.Thirdly, the paper analyses the construction and operation environment of China's public-private partnership of urban public transport service. After constructing a framework for China's public-private partnership of urban public transport service, the paper discusses its motivation and meaning and the impediments to its implementation.Then the paper discusses public-private partnership of urban public transport service abroad and suggests some referential experience. After introducing the development of public-private partnership of urban public transport service abroad, some representative models in foreign countries and some referential experience, the writer points out that, despite the difference of concrete forms in various foreign countries, the role of government should be emphasized in market-oriented reform. The limited market-oriented reform of public-private partnership needs the support of government to the extent that government capacity is the key to the success of the reform.Last but not least, the paper advices some coping strategies for the implementation of public-private partnership of urban public transport service in China. With reference to the experience abroad, aiming to clear the impediments to the development of China's public-private partnership of urban public transport service, some coping strategies are given in terms of improving the administrative capacity, promoting the legalization, intensifying the supervisory function, specifying the operation procedure and making incentive policies in the hope that public-private partnership of urban public transport service in China can be effectively implemented and smoothly developed.The paper contends that, given the complexity of the market-oriented reform of urban public transport service, failure of some private operation cases of urban public transport service does not deny the correctness of choosing market-oriented reform of urban public transport service. The introduction of competition and market-oriented reform into urban public transport service is a necessary direction. It should be stressed that this market-oriented reform is a limited one, a market-oriented reform of supply system rather than government functions. Neither sole dependence on government supply nor complete dependence on market can guarantee that public demand for urban public transport service can be satisfied. What is needed in China is a cooperative pattern that can show the advantages of both the government and the market.