Research On Development Of Appropriate Technology In West China

Science and technology is the first productive forces, so the western area with its advantages of being latecomers, must depend upon science and technology to realize its sustainable development. Although the science and technology of the western area have already achieved great achievement in the past five decades, the disparity of the general standard between it and developed province is evident, particularly its promotion to the economic development is very limited, all of which is lower than the national average. Moreover, a series of economic, social and environmental problems have appeared in the process of application of technological development. Therefore, this thesis is for the purpose of exploring how the western area develops appropriate technology in accordance with local conditions to realize the sustainable development.First of all, on the basis of analysis of the historical development of appropriate technology, and the results of previous studies, this thesis discusses the scientific theories of appropriate technology under the instructions of sustainable development view. Next is the analysis of the condition of development of appropriate technology in west China from four aspects of the economy, society, the nature and the technology. Then the thesis proposes that appropriate technology be the breakthrough point to realize the sustainable development in west China on the analysis of the essence of sustainable development in west China. Based on this, the model of interaction between the appropriate technology and the sustainable development is constructed in west China, with the example of ecological agriculture in Yao Nationality Autonomous County in Gong Cheng,Guang Xi; Finally, this thesis puts forward means and social support systems of the appropriate technology, on the basis of analysis and summary of the successful experience of the development of appropriate technology overseas.This thesis consists of seven chapters. The main content of each chapter is as follows:Chapter 1 is introduction, which introduces briefly the thesis background, the purpose and significance, inland and overseas research trends, research areas, research methods and the possibility of innovation.Chapter 2 is the scientific theories of appropriate technology. First of all, this chapter puts forward the scientific connotation, characteristics and functions, based on analysis of the evolution of appropriate technology theory. Secondly, the evolution and future trend of modern technology is analyzed by using the standpoint, the viewpoint and the method of Marxism and the three-dimensional angle of technology. Then the idea that the appropriate technology is the inevitable result of the evolution of modern technology is brought forward. Finally analyzes similarities and differences between appropriate technical concept and other technical concepts from two stratification planes: on one hand, the similarities and differences between appropriate technology—as a technology development strategy—and gradient theory, the anti-gradient theory,"leapfrog"technology theory; on the other hand, the similarities and differences between appropriate technology—as a specific technology—and the advanced technology, the superiority technology, the high and new technology, the labor intensive technology, the fund intensive technology, the skill-intensive technology, the knowledge concentrated intensive technology, the"instant effective"technology and"the fool"technology.Chapter 3 is the condition appraisal of appropriate technology in west China. The condition must be learned if the appropriate technology is to develop in west China. The systematic analysis of the factors of external environment, economic system, social system, natural system and technical system of the western area are given in this part, which decide the direction and the way of appropriate technology in west China.Chapter 4 is about the interactive relationship between appropriate technology and sustainable development of the western areas. This chapter firstly proposes that appropriate technology be the breakthrough point to realize the sustainable development in west China, on the basis of the systematic analysis of evolution concept and the limitation of tradition development model in west China. Based on this, the model of interaction between the appropriate technology and the sustainable development is constructed in west China, with the example of ecological agriculture in Yao Nationality Autonomous County in Gong Cheng, Guang Xi.Chapter 5 is the successful experience of the development of appropriate technology in foreign countries. This chapter analyzes the successful experience of the introduction of appropriate technology in Japan and the development of appropriate technologies in India and the promotion of appropriate technologies by the vocational and technical education in Singapore.Chapter 6 focuses on the means by which the appropriate technology is developed in west China. This chapter analyzes and summarizes four effective means by which the appropriate technology can be developed and the sustainable development can be achieved in west China: First is to promote the existing appropriate technology; The second is the transformation of traditional technologies; The third is the introduction of appropriate technologies; the Fourth, the development of appropriate technology.Chapter 7 is about the social supporting systems of the appropriate technology in west China. The development of appropriate technology is an integration of wide-ranging and complex systems engineering, including science and technology, economy, society, environment, reform and development. If western areas want to realize this positive interaction, they must have the following social support systems from macro-management, technical market, science and technology institution, technical education and human resources.