Dual Economic Structure Theory And The Development Of China's Urban-rural Integration Research

The relationship between urban and rural areas all over the world has experienced a similar procedure of which cities grew out of villages originally, then isolated, opposed from each other, and integrated finally. The developed countries have experienced the procedure and finished the integration of urban and rural areas basically. However, most developing countries were still in the separation stage, those countries need to find proper ways to achieve the goal of integration. During the studying of the economic structures in developing countries, some western-country economists found a common character of developing countries that all of those countries have a dual economy structure, that means there were a ineffective agricultural department performs with traditional methods, which accompanied with an effective industrial department performs with advanced methods. The theory of dual economy structure theory reveals the essential character of developing countries'economy accurately; it was broadly accepted and adopted generally by international economic circles.China is a typical developing country which has the character described in the dual economy structure theory like other developing countries. The economic development has been affected by the dual economy structure theory since the application of Reform and Opening policy. However, unlike other developing countries, China has a very long history, large population of agricultural, and undeveloped industry, all these characteristics make China was different from other developing countries, so, the development of China can not only rely on the dual economy structure theory.Based on the useful results that the precious has achieved, this article puts forward a scientific view of urban-rural integration through study of classical dual economy structure theory and the practice of urban-rural integration, that is to form an harmony social structure through the interaction and complement of urban and rural areas based on highly developed productivity, considering systematic economic and social development. Urban-rural integration is a new theory that Chinese scholars proposed to eliminate the dual structure; it was a theoretical results which foreign dual economy structure theory and the specific realities of urban and rural have combined. This article emphasized on the important purpose of urban-rural integration to enable all urban-rural people could fairly share whole results of economic and social development.The relationship between urban-rural integration theory and dual economy structure theory is a focus of this article. Urban-rural integration is a new theory that is for eliminating the dual structure and urban-rural gap of china. Both theories are related and complemented to each other, the dual economy structure theory is the urban-rural integration's theoretical origin, provides a theoretical basis for the formation and development of urban-rural integration theory, provides the guidance for the practice of urban-rural integration. At the same time, the urban-rural integration theory expands the study of dual economy structure theory. It can be said that urban-rural integration is a chinese-style of dual economy structure theory.Analyzed the achievements that China has obtained since 1949 and the gaps still between urban and rural areas, especially the practice analyzing of Shaanxi Province, this article draws that dual structure is the main reason which made the gap between urban and rural areas and expanded the gap gradually. Thus, this paper proposes urban-rural integration must been guided by the urban-rural integration theory which can reflect China's economic and social characters. It must break through some limitations of the dual economy structure theory, at the same time, it must rely on urban sector's external assistance to encourage the integration of urban and rural areas with both efforts.Aiming at the characters of China's unbalanced economic and social development to eliminate the large gap between urban and rural areas, this paper proposes three paths of construction of urban-rural integration:The first is urbanization. It means to create conditions for the transfer of rural surplus population to centralizing rural people, at the same time, to increase the number of cities and towns and expand the scale of them to adopting more and more farmers transferred into city and enjoy a high quality life.The second is industrialization. To increase farmers'income from agriculture and other non-agriculture fields by shaping of the inherent power of rural areas, developing of various industries and exploring all useful paths of rural industrialization, let farmers find a self-reliance, self-development route eventually,. The third is institutional innovation. Institution is the important factor which affects urban and rural integration and the innovation of institution could create a favorable environment and providing a system guarantee of urban-rural integration by rescinding all institutional shackles.