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Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Off-farm Employment Based On Urban-rural Labor Market Integration In China

Posted on:2012-07-31Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:H H DuanFull Text:PDF
GTID:2219330338955838Subject:Labor economics
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The off-farm employment of rural labor in China has a positive meaning to promote rural economic development and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, improve the level of urbanization. As a result, it's a hot issue to economists and social scientists. In this study, we analyses the evolution of the process of integration of urban and rural labor markets and the evolution of the context of off-farm employment processes, discuss the reasons of improvement of off-farm employment situation, and predict the future changes of off-farm employment. On this basis, the determinants of off-farm labor participation and supply decisions of China were estimated in a multi nominal logit model which allows for multiple decisions by making use of the database of CHNS in 1994 and 2006. The results of the analysis show that the determinants of off-farm work participation of rural labor in China mainly contains age, sex, marital status, education level, household per capita area of cultivated land, personal income levels, regional differences and other factors. With the continuous integration of urban and rural labor markets, these factors which are mentioned above have a different influence:It has a significant difference between female members and male members in the off-farm participation decisions both in 1993 and 2006. While the difference has weakened during the part-time job participation, gender difference in off-farm employment has a slight increase. The stability of marriage and family relations is always promoting rural labors to engage in off-farm employment and part industry at all stages of the integration of urban and rural labor market. With the social and economic development, the old will act as a role of taking care of grandchildren. As a result, other members have more opportunities for off-farm employment. Compared with 1993, the restrictions of institutional factors such as household registration have diminished on off-farm employment in 2006. Human capital has increasingly become a key factor of the off-farm participation decisions. With the integration of urban and rural labor markets, the rural labor force is no longer a simple one-way flow, but becomes two-way flow. At the same time, preferential agricultural policies become more and more, so the impact of land is different. The role of personal income in promoting to off-farm participation is reducing, and the household factors such as family income are the same. The effects of the differences in location conditions are also analyzed.Based on empirical results, policy implications can be obtained as follows:(1) to increase investment in human capital in rural areas, to prevent the "low-quality trap" appearance; (2) to help rural labor women out of traditional ideas, improve rural social service system, to help women reducing the burden in family life. At the same time, speed the development of relevant laws and regulations to put an end to the phenomenon of gender discrimination; (3) The Government should take measures to accelerate the pace of land reform; (4) continue to promote the reform of household registration system to eliminate institutional barriers; (5) backward areas should accelerate the pace of economic development and urbanization, so as to provide more space for the off-farm employment of the rural labor force.
Keywords/Search Tags:Urban and Rural Labor Markets Integration, Off-farm Employment, Determinants, Household Registration System, Human Capital
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