| Land use will inevitably lead to variation of land use status and have a big effect on the environment. It is necessary to evaluate the environmental impact assessment. During the regional development and construction, environmental impact assessment of single element and single project could not fully recognize the environmental impact, so reasonable environmental protection policies could not be adopted, and meanwhile it is difficult to guarantee the implement of regional environmental objectives. The regional environment and projects of development and construction should be evaluated as a whole. The strategic environmental assessment of regional land use is kind of macroscopic. This strategic originates from the 1990s to solve the problems from the fountainhead and realize sustainable development, and is now still in the exploration stage, many theories and methods are still not accepted widely. We should notice that because of the obvious difference of contents of the land use system between china and overseas, limited instances and methods from abroad on the strategic environmental assessment of regional land use are not appropriate to china's strategic environmental impact assessment. Therefore, this research has become the hot topics for both domestic and abroad academies. Regional land use is comprehensive measures of distribution of land resources and the coordination and organization of land use in both space and time, based on regional social, economic development as well as natural and history properties of land. During this process, conversions of a number of factors and land use modes are involved. The influence of these conversions to the environment is a quite complicated problem. At present, environmental impact assessment is also a hot spot problem in the regional land use area. Simultaneously at different areas, there are also many different problems requiring this research problem to be solved. Therefore, we need to do systematical, comprehensive and in-depth research on basic theories and methods of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use, which will have theoretical and practical significance. Based on the background mentioned above, research work of theoretical and practical significance is done in this paper.In chapter one,the problem of environmental impact assessment of land use, we summarized theories and practices of existing researches, and analysis the deficiencies of existing researches. The strategic environmental assessment was not entirely brought into the area of land development and land use, mainly because of the inadequate of theory and methods, and relevant experience and procedures, especially studies on public participation. On the basis of the deficiencies of existing researches, the research objections, research contents, research methods and structure of the whole research are introduced. According to the problems and deficiencies of existing researches, key problems which will be resolved during this research are put forward, which respectively are, building up the structure system of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use, basic theory of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use, methods of exacting strategic environmental assessment of regional land use, and measures to reducing environmental influences of land use.Theories and methods of strategic environmental impact assessment of regional land use are discussed in chapter two. Definition is made based on the analysis of development of the strategic environmental assessment both domestic and international aspects, and the connotation is summarized. In the theories research part, we analysis the sustainable development theory, environmental economics theory, theory of circular economy, systematology theory and SEA theory related to strategic environmental impact assessment. The relations between the strategic environmental impact assessment and these theories, which are the base of exacting strategic environmental impact assessment, are expatiated.In the technique methods part, methodology system is discussed. At first, we classify the existing research methods, and primary study the strategic filter method, Strategic environmental impact identification, Strategic environmental impact prediction, Strategic environmental impact assessment methods. In this research, we mainly focus on strategic environmental impact assessment methods. Therefore, methods which can meet the requirements of strategic environmental impact assessment, such as the comparative method, cost-benefit analysis method, in perfect condition ranged method, sustainable development ability evaluation method, comparative evaluation, AHP, Strategic environmental risk assessment method are researched. At last, every step of SEA working procedure is discussed. According to general steps of strategic environmental impact assessment, main factors and problems need to be considered are analyzed. The existing methods of related disciplines can provide basic theories for strategic environmental impact assessment of regional land use. The existing environmental impact assessment methods can help to improve and be implied to strategic environmental impact assessment of regional land use.The acting mechanism of land use and environment mainly discussed in chapter three.The influences of human developing and utilizing activities to land resources on environmental elements, such as soil, water, biodiversity, landscape pattern (natural scenery and culture landscape), geological environment and atmospheric climate are different in terms of property, type, extent. Doing the specific analysis is the premise and foundation of discussing the mechanism of regional land use, and evaluating the influence on the environment of land use behaviors.At first, relations between the land use and environment are analyzed. It is considered that land use includes using as well as influencing land ecological and environment. Meanwhile, change of land-use modes and purposes decides change and evolvement of environment quality. Then regional land use and its influence on environment are analyzed. It is thought that land development with excessive human influence will produce negative impacts on environmental elements, such as soil, water, biodiversity, landscape pattern (natural scenery and culture landscape), geological environment and atmospheric climate. But from another angle to consider,Reasonable regional land use could change unreasonable land use patterns and makes he sustainable utilization of resources and environment possible. During land use process, both of these two situations definitely exist at the same time. Planner can choose the more cost-effective solution by analyzing the influences of different programs and deciding the boundary and extent of influence. In this part, sources of influence, environmental impacts and regulate and control mechanism of regional land use are discussed. Because regional land use is related to long-term, wide-range and comprehensive strategic and controlled planning, it's influence on ecology environment has a strategic and comprehensive control position. Regional land use decides quantity, mode and structure of land use, and has indirect influence on ecology environment, which need to be fully considered during land use process. At last, influence of land use structure and the spatial arrangement on soil, water, biodiversity, atmospheric climate and Landscape and evolvement are discussed.The theories and methods of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use discussed in chapter four.In order to introduce the theory and methods of land use strategic environmental assessment, we do researches on opportunities and limits of land use patterns, the further analysis of the main contents and objectives of land use strategic environmental assessment, and environmental factors in land use process. For the strategic environmental assessment, an index system of land use strategic environmental assessment is established. In this part, the key study step is methods of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use. First, the main ideas and methods of retrospection environment impaction assessment are introduced. Then recognizing methods of affecting factors of environment are researched, such as the overlay method, checklist approach, matrix method, Systematic flow graph method, gray relative analysis method. Third, we do research on strategic environmental assessment methods of land use, including intuitive forecasting technique, restrictive extrapolation methods, simulation models predict method. At last, strategic environmental assessment methods based on ecological footprint are applied. Ecological footprint analytical method introduced by Canadian ecological economics in the 1990s can measure sustainable development levels, which contain a group of measurement indicators based on the land area. We can see it as the print of foot which burdened with human being and cities, factories created by human beings. Basic meaning of ecological footprint analyzing method is that a long-term economic development is depended on meeting requirement of high sustainability standards. It can be extended in meaning that in order to be sustainable it is required that natural resources should be maintained as input resources and used to purify waste. Ecological footprint analysis methods can be used to implement the strategic environmental impact assessment,with the condition that in order to maintain sustainable development consume must be limited in the range of the available renewable resources. Two contents are mentioned in this part, which are public participation and the mitigation measures of environmental impact.Chapter five, mainly study theories and methods of strategic environmental assessment of regional land use with the combination of chapter four above, choosing Lichuan city, Hubei province as the research area. Lichuan city with special resources advantage and good ecology environment, is located in the southwest of Hubei province, which is located at the interchange of Wushan mountain and Wuling mountain. But over time, unreasonable land use methods lead to serious land degradation and desertification, as well as more conflictions with social and economic development. How to handle relations between land resources demand of Social and economic development, decreasing of land resources, and deteriorating of ecological environment is the most important problem need to be solved in land use plan.In this thesis, we do exhaustive investigation and collected related information, and then we generally survey the social, economy, land resources and environment situation in Lichuan city, summarize and evaluate the advantages of land use and environment protection, analyze the bearing capacity of resources and environment, do preliminary study of ecological safety. Based on researches on the status quo, We identify and predicted the environmental impacts of socio-economical development stratagem. We also identify the land use function zones according to the present situation and future trends, clarify the direction and purpose of land resources development, environmental protection and sustainable development of different land use function zones. Resources, environment and sustainable development strategy are also clarified in the research, the corresponding countermeasures and measures are presented in the research as well.In conclusion, this article analyzes the related theory methods of the strategic environmental impact assessment systematically, presents purpose of this research based on shortages of existing researches, sets research objections and exacts the research on theories methods and case study of strategic environmental impact assessment of regional land use systematically and independently. The innovations in this research lie in the following aspects.1. Strategic environmental assessment can be considered as the drive process of decision-making, strategic environmental assessment programs based on environmental impact assessment are presented because of environmental problems during land use process.2. The existing researches only introduce methods of strategic environmental impact assessment into strategic environmental assessment of regional land use. In this thesis, acting mechanism between environment and land use pattern, structure and land use distribution is researched, which provides essential base for the research on influencing factors identification and mitigation measures. 3.The land use strategic environmental impact assessment method based on ecological footprint is presented.4. Public participation and the mitigation measures of strategic environmental impact assessment of land use planning are researched in the thesis.5.Case studies related to the theory and methods mentioned in the thesis are done. Take the strategic environmental impact assessment of land use planning in Lichuan city, Hubei province as the example, we identify the environmental impact factors in this district, and part the district according to their different functions using GIS as an auxiliary method. The mitigation measures of environmental impact which can help the decision-making in land use are presented according to the specific situation in Lichuan, Hubei Province.Environmental impact assessment of regional land use is a multi-disciplinary, systematic and complicated research issue. We do researches aimed at unreasonable land use pattern in regional land, build strategy environmental assessment models based on ecological footprint, resolve the contradiction between supply and demand in land, reduce the environmental risk. But there are still some insufficiencies which we will study in the further research.1.In the area of basic theory research, more focus should be put on the mechanism of environment impact of land use.2. We should do more improvements with the existing evaluation methods, and even propose new methods, including Intelligent algorithm and non-linear mathematical algorithm. We can also introduce concepts in other disciplines, such as landscape ecology and Ecological rate equivalent.3.In practice, we should use GIS as necessary technical supports.
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