A Study On The Agricultural Insurance Organization Form In China

Agricultural insurance is one of the important tools of risk management of agricultural natural hazard, as an important means of governments to protect agriculture and agricultural subsidies. However, the multiple, systemic of the agricultural risk and the subject of the special nature of agricultural insurance, which is a worldwide practice problems and the hot topic of the theory. China's agricultural insurance tests for decades has been unable to break through the predicament of agricultural insurance business, the direct intervention and financial subsidies of government for agricultural insurance in a new round, promoting the agricultural insurance premium growth, but as a business entity of the commercial insurance company is engaged in agricultural insurance because of policy prevailed, or it is for " other insurance to support agricultural insurance" of the profitability of insurance business and tries to do so. In the context of being short of new agricultural risk management tools and agricultural insurance business technology, from the perspective of organizational form to look into the plight of China's agricultural insurance, and through organization form and system innovation, it is a purpose of this research to provide ideas for China's agricultural insurance development.The research analyzes the organizational form of agricultural insurance, using economics, management, insurance theory, especially the achievements of economics research of enterprise organization. Based on transaction cost theory of new institutional economics, the contingency theory and resource-dependence theory of organizational theory, the state intervention theory of welfare economics, the risk and agricultural insurance theory, combined with the basic form of agricultural insurance organization to build a theoretical framework of the agricultural insurance organization which is affected by feature of agricultural production, agricultural risk characteristics, legal environment and government intervention, Inspected in the history of China's agricultural insurance organizations, compared with foreign successful agricultural insurance configuration of organizations. According to resources environment of China's agricultural insurance organizations, the principles of saving transaction costs and spreading agricultural risks, putting forward innovative ideas of China's agricultural insurance organizations form, and doing an empirical study on provincial agricultural insurance scheme.This research mainly consists of three parts:The first part is theoretical analysis of the research of the agricultural insurance organization form. This paper studies inner structure characteristics of different agricultural insurance organization forms relies on business theory, systematically researches the internal governance structure and characteristics of the four basic organization of agricultural insurance forms:state-owned agricultural insurance company, agricultural joint-stock insurance company, mutual system of agricultural insurance company, agricultural insurance cooperatives, abandoneds a single organizational form of agricultural insurance research in the past. Then the agricultural insurance organizations as a whole studies its external dependence and constraint basing on external resource-dependence theory, selecting agricultural risks, agricultural production characteristics, government subsidies and other factors analysis on the external environment which impacts agricultural insurance organization. From the theoretical research on the characteristics, governance structure, agricultural insurance organization, development and change, the adaptation of the external environment of various types of agricultural insurance organization, in order to provide a theoretical framework for researching China's agricultural insurance organizational form.The second part is the innovation idea of Chinese agriculture insurance organization form. The development of agricultural insurance not only exists in agricultural insurance business technical constraints, but also in a single organizational form and imperfect organization system. From the angle of organization, we find ways to break through the development of agricultural insurance and study how to effectively scatter internal agricultural risk. From the angle of business organization, our long-term management of agricultural insurance by commercial insurance companies is a single-level, no farmers mutual assistance organization Shares risks, meanwhile the lack of national agricultural reinsurance company to provide the final financial support for agricultural insurance that leads business insurance companies long-term losses, but the current policy around the agricultural insurance is still not to resolve the substantive issues. It is proposed to establish two new organizational forms of agricultural insurance:farmer's coadjutant collaboration organization and national agricultural reinsurance company. All sorts of agricultural insurance organization are composed of agricultural insurance organization connection system should play a layer of allocating and dispersing agricultural risk. Based on risk diversification theory and transaction cost theory, under the premise of saving transaction cost to construct the new China's agricultural insurance system, commercial insurance business is sure to reinsurance farmers coadjutant collaboration, which itself is reinsured by the national agricultural reinsurance company, formed layers of reinsurance, scattered agricultural risks organization system.The third part is case analysis of the provincial plans of the policy-based agriculture insurance. In the establishment of a unified national agricultural insurance plans do not conform to the differences of the agricultural and financial resources of difficult provinces, before the national agricultural reinsurance company has been founded, provincial agricultural risk fund is the supporter of commercial insurance company to engage in agricultural insurance, therefore new round of agricultural insurance pilot is provincial. The research object of this part is policy-based agricultural insurance plans in Shandong, on the analysis of agricultural production conditions and agricultural natural disasters in Shandong, on the basis of investigation on operation mechanism of the policy-based agriculture insurance in 2006-2009,deeply research on sharing mechanism of the local government subsidies, policy-related insurance projects and clauses, fund for provincial policy-based agricultural risk in order to provide reference material for other provinces.