| In 1927, the Nanjing National Government was formally established, but it was threatened by some strong local warlords, the gradual-growth communist forces and the Japanese invasion of China. Chiang Kai-shek and local warlords focused on the development of military industry in order to enhance its self-defense capability. Germany, motivated by political and economic interests, was willing to help China rebuild and develop military industry. A good relation between China and Germany had laid an important foundation for the Sino-German military cooperation during the period of the Nanjing National Government. With the historical background, the Sino-German military cooperation had entered an unprecedented "golden honeymoon" period in 1928-1938. A large number of German military advisers had been recruited in China. Many German military firms had provided a great deal of machines, equipments and materials to help develop China's military industry. A lot of domestic senior technicians with German educational background had worked and gradually became backbones in China's military industry. Through the above three forces, Germany made important influences on China's military industry. It helped China not only set up military research institutions and new arsenals, but also successfully produce many German weapons. International and Chinese scholars have carried out relevant research about German military advisory group, Sino-German military armaments trade and domestic senior technicians with German educational background from standpoints of polity, economy, diplomacy, culture and military, but they have almost not studied deeply and carefully about the German influence on the development of China's military industry from a point of view on the history of military science and technology.On the basis of all kinds of materials, files, documents, memories and books mainly from German Military Archives in Freiburg (Bundesarchivs in Freiburg), Second Historical Archives of China, Chongqing Archives, the National Library, a systematical and deep investigation is made on the work, status of the German military advisors and domestic senior technicians with German educational background both served in military industry. Furthermore, conducted is a careful research of the Sino-German military armaments trade. This dissertation makes deeper studies than what it was in the past, and put forward several new viewpoints as the following.First, Based on the foresaid various documents and materials, the dissertation conducts a comprehensive and hitherto unveiled collection of German military advisers and domestic senior technicians with German educational background in China's military industry, made the list of" German military advisers in China's military industry (1928-1938)" and " some domestic important technicians with German educational background in China's military industry ". Besides, carried out is a comprehensive study of their status, works, achievements, and it is found out that they had a wealth of knowledge, served broadly in military research institutions and arsenals, concentrated mainly in the field of ballistics, artillery, powder, military chemical weapons and optical instruments.Secondly, in comparison to the predecessors'inadequate researches, the dissertation first analyzes deeply the German effect on the development of military industry of China in the area of firearm, powder, chemical weapons, military optical instruments and aviation, connected with the development of military research institution and arsenals. Then, It is showed the degree of Germanization of these military research institutions and arsenals on machines, equipments, technology, building, technicians, materials and management method, and it is detected that Germany not only had a key role in the traditional military industry and technology, but also directly give impetus to the rise of new military industry and technology in the field of chemical weapons and military optical instruments in China.Third, the dissertation analyzes the fierce competition among Germany, America and Italy on Aviation Field and discusses the cause of German failure to compete from the following aspect:the contradiction between the Third General Adviser-Wetzell and Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Kai-shek's prejudice on German air force, the influence of american returned students on China Aerospace Area and the preferential policy from Italy.At last, Based on the above concrete study, it is summarized that Germany have an import effect on the development of military industry of China during the period of Nanjing National Government, but the influence was not profound. Moreover, it is analyzed why Germany could fail to help military industry develop independently from the below 7 aspects-weakness of domestic industrial base, capital scarcity, corruption of KMT officers, lack of independent consciousness of Nanjing National Government, instability of domestic and international political condition, German nature of the pursuit of profit and others.In short, Germany had an important and widespread impact to the development of modern military industry of China in 1928-1938. Certainly, there are still many aspects to be studied deeply in the future, such as the works of Domestic senior technicians with German educational background severed in military industry of China and German military technical introduction。...
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