The Study Of Modernization Of The Peasantry

In our country, modernization of the peasantry, the rural areas and the agriculture is the emphasis and difficulty in Chinese modernization. The modernization of our country will be incomplete and unbalance without their modernization. Agriculture is the basis of the national economy. It is impossible to create the good conditions for the other industries without the development of agriculture. Rural areas are the important communities in the society. The sluggish development of rural areas will ultimately affect the development and prosperity of the urban communities. Yet the agricultural and rural modernization could not be realized without the modernization of a large number peasant's modernization.This article is committed to the Marxist theory of historical materialism as the instruction and the Marxist peasantry's concept as the theoretical basis. On the basis of predecessor research results, the article inspects the peasantry modernization development process from the diachronic point of view, institutional culture and spiritual culture. From the point of synchronic view, the article examines the realities of the peasantry modernization comprehensively from lifestyle changes of the labor, consumption, political life, spiritual aspects and leisure, which takes the changes of peasants way of life as the main line. With the studying of history and reality, this article explores the factors of the modernization of the peasantry, which concentrates on the modernization of the peasantry's lifestyle. Thus this article determines the goals and opportunities of the development of modernization and put forward some tentative ideas about promoting the development of the modernization of the peasantry.Introduction to modern Chinese peasants'arguments expounded the basis of the current status, ideas and methods to study after a period of a clearer perspective.In chapter I, it will explain the modernization of Chinese peasants with theory and interpret the concept of the peasantry modernization. Rationalize the theory of the research on the peasantry modernization. The article discusses modernization of Chinese peasantry with Marxist historical materialism, the all-round development theory and Marxist view of the peasantry. Do the research in the perspective of philosophy of culture. The peasantry from the spectator shift to the main force to create a modern state.In chapter II, it rationalizes the historical evolution of modernization of Chinese peasant. First of all, the changes of Chinese institutional culture realize the enlightenment of modernization of Chinese peasant. Chinese peasantry transforms from spectator to main force to create a modern nation; independent the small-scale peasantry shift to the collective peasantry; the passive managers shift to autonomous businessmen. Second, the peasantry unrestrained make for culture is exactly conscientious from the culture, the arousal having experienced peasant consciousness hoists to the subject to enhance the peasantry.In chapter III, it analyzes the modernization of the real statue of Chinese forms. Modernization of Chinese peasant has shown uneven levels of development, diversification of development modernization models, arduous process of the implementation of modernization, and the particularity development of modernization. At the same time, from the aspect of the peasantry working methods, consumer life-style, political life, spiritual life and leisure lifestyle shift analysis the culture transformation of the modernization of Chinese peasants, and try to seek the social causes of modernization of Chinese peasant sluggish. The reason as following: make rural economic development to support the city delayed the modernization of the peasantry due to the history; the system of urban-rural dual structure limits the peasantry delayed the modernization of the system are connected; the shackles of cultural isolation of rural the peasantry due to the modernization of culture lag; individual production self-restraint is a modern that the peasantry delayed because of the environment; the impact of educational backwardness of rural peasant due to the modernization of development delayed.In chapter IV, it presents the goal of modernization of Chinese peasant and its realistic conditions. The first and foremost goal of modernization is professionalization of the peasantry which fundamentally means a process of overall demise of the traditional small-scale the peasantry. After a fraction of the peasantry completed the transfer of non-agricultural industries, they engaged in agricultural production by their natural origins. Now engaging in agriculture has become a kind of social career voluntarily chosen by people, resembling a shift from a lifestyle based on natural and semi-natural economy to that of industrialization, commercialization, modernization and urbanization. Secondly, it is the formation of the peasantry modern lifestyle. The modern peasant ultimate goal is to achieve free and comprehensive development. The external manifestations of this goal are the establishment of the modern peasant way of life. Modernization is important to measure the peasant in the political, economic, cultural and social activities in a series of demonstration in the spirit of the age. Modern peasants'ways of life, from the multi-level, multi-dimensional perspective, reflect a modern state of lives of peasants. Meanwhile, the era differentiation of peasant's elimination of the dual social structures, stimulation of industry nurturing of agriculture and new rural construction traction have become favorable conditions for the realization of modernization of the peasantry.In chapter V, it is to explain the cultural construction for the realization of Chinese peasant modernization. Firstly, the analysis on modes of the peasant modernization was made in the United States, France, South Korea and Japan, and then the successful modernization experience of the peasantry in other developed countries was put forward; effected transfer of rural surplus labor force is to reduce the number of the peasantry; implementation of preferential agricultural policy is to support the peasantry; the formation of farmer organizations is to strengthen the power of the peasantry; the use of education and training is to improve the peasantry various qualities. Secondly, methods of culturally realizing the peasantry modernization are proposed. The modernization of Chinese peasant is essentially concerning with human development. Its main task is to transform traditional concepts owned by the peasantry, to improve the overall abilities of the peasantry, which requires restructuring the peasantry all-round modernization in terms of material culture, spiritual culture and institutional culture by means of education and cultivation to promote the upgrading of the peasantry modernity.