| Water is an important material foundation for the survival of human society to achieve sustainable development. As the rapid economic and social developing, human demand for water increased dramatically, and the heightened conflict between the supply and demand of water is more and more obvious.Water resources in many countries has became a regional socio-economic growth and development bottlenecks. China is one of the world's 13 water-deficient countries and seriously lack of water resources. The per capita consumption of water resources lower than the world's per capita possession of water resources in the quarter. Agricultural irrigation water is about 65.1% of the water consumption in China. As China's backward agricultural irrigation methods, the waste of water in agricultural irrigation is alarming. The country's agricultural irrigation water use coefficient is only 0.46, while that can be reached 0.8 in the developed countries. Meanwhile every cubic metres of water grain production capacity only about 1.1 kg , and it has been more than 2.3 kg in some developed countries.The fundamental reason for China's agricultural water use inefficiency is the lack of agriculture water-saving incentive mechanism among the related main body of water-saving agricultural investment, construction, management and use. The main purpose of this research is through the establishment of agricultural water-saving irrigation incentive mechanism model to promote China's agricultural water-saving. In this thesis, standardized analysis and empirical analysis, as well as qualitative and quantitative methods was combined in the process of analyzing the water-saving irrigation incentive mechanism model. And this paper generally can be divided into three parts.The first part focuses on the study of the background, significance, status, and the theoretical foundation of agricultural water-saving irrigation, absorb in the related outstanding research results of water-saving irrigation, and empirically analyzed the problems of water-Saving irrigation in china. The thesis pointed out that the inefficiency of China's agricultural water utilization is the fundamental reason for the relevant main with water-saving irrigation investment, construction, management, and utilization which are not established water-saving incentive mechanism to meet the participation of restraint and incentive compatibility bound at the same time.The second part of knowledge structure model is to analyze the agricultural water-saving incentive mechanism through management, technical economics, economics of water resources, information economics, game theory and the knowledge of the principal-agent theory. It consists of four major research areas.1. On agricultural water-saving irrigation investment management, through the comparative analysis of relationships between farmland water conservancy construction and government investment which in China, Israel, Japan, Australia, the United States and India, and establish a central to local incentive model of water-saving irrigation investment. And the thesis puts forward that China should set up a central government-led water-saving irrigation investment incentive mechanisms. Through the establishment of incentive model related to construction of water-saving irrigation of irrigation management organizations, point out that in the process of government arrange for water-saving irrigation project funds, the related funds and staff of water-saving irrigation works should included into the project budget, thinking through the irrigation management organizations in the restrictive conditions; establishing pay coefficient of the irrigation management organizations, and full consideration must be given to the practical effect of water-saving, establishing incentive compatibility mechanism; setting up a reasonable reward factor, increasing the incentive level, and establishing the benefit-sharing mechanism to encourage irrigation management organizations make active efforts and do a good job in water-saving projects. Through the funds management and supervision of water-saving irrigational Game analysis, pointed out that for reduce the misappropriation of funds of water-saving irrigation, we should lower the cost of supervision, improve administrative efficiency, and increase penalties. 2. In the construction of agricultural water-saving irrigation projects, through establishing construction and supervision units of water-saving irrigation project and incentive model of construction enterprises, doing research on incentive problem of irrigation management organizations, construction and supervision units and water conservancy construction enterprises. Pointed out that the extent of the efforts of water conservancy construction enterprises and incentive coefficient of supervision units for construction enterprises are positive correlation. Improved the level of supervision to reduce the degree of collusion, and the irrigation management organizations should hire good credibility, large-scale supervision units, this ensures that the appropriate supervision of strength, and the hidden incentive and dominant incentive should be combined, so that strengthen the self-motivation of construction enterprises and supervision units, and achieve the goal of effective incentives.3. In the management of irrigation area, through establishing staff incentive model under the single agency framework of the irrigation management organizations, and pointing out that the irrigation management organizations is necessary to correctly evaluate the marginal benefit to employees. Founding a preference for the staff incentive-oriented portfolio and strengthening the ability of staff training and professional ethics education. Through establishing staff incentive model under the multi-task framework of the irrigation management organizations, and indicating that for public service task, a fixed payment of the contract of the irrigation management organizations is superior to the incentive contract according to the results of the work under the observation of incentive staff, for pure business tasks, the irrigation management organization can formulate an appropriate incentive factor efficiency ratio of the share to reflect the thinking of more pay for more work, and to prompt employees to work harder. At the same time we should try our best to change the alternative tasks into complementary tasks.4. In the usage of water resources in agriculture, the analysis points out that different systems of agricultural water right may result in different incentive effect by establishing water behavior model of farmers. On the circumstances of the agricultural water rights transactions and charges levied by the use of quantitative, the water-saving incentive is the highest. On the analysis of the impact of water rights to agricultural water-saving in our country and the advanced experience of agricultural water rights of abroad, this thesis points out that establish a tradable system for agricultural water rights is an effective mechanism to promote for water-saving irrigation. On the analysis of the impact of the water price system to agricultural water-saving and the advanced experience of other countries, this thesis points out that raise the price of water is conducive to achieving the efficient usage of water resources in agriculture. However, it is impossible in developing countries that compensate for the loss through levying all the irrigation water supply costs, even in highly developed market economy of the western countries have rarely exist.The thesis judging from China's actual conditions, and discuss the conditions and constraints in the incentive mechanism of agricultural water price, proposed to establish an affordable price system of agricultural science to farmers. The stepped and progressive increased water price system of agriculture is an effective mechanism of water saving, and agricultural water prices can be formed by irrigation management organizations with farmers in consultative approach under the price-cap formulated by the government. The thesis studies water-saving cooperative behavior of farmers by game analysis theory, it points out that the government subsideing the water saving farmers and punishing the water wasting farmers can promote farmers to cooperate water saving.It also points out that the farmers cooperate to seek long-term interests by the long-term dynamic game analysis of water-saving cooperation. This is the basis of irrigational system established and continues to exist, and is also the causes of long-term stability of irrigation cooperative system. Establish the associations of water user and provide water-saving irrigation with incentive mechanism of collective choice, effective supervision mechanism and grading the sanctions mechanism, self-resolving conflict mechanism, incentive mechanism of revenues and costs relatively fair and restraint mechanism of long-term cooperative game system. Through the establishment of incentive model of water user association, this thesis points out that in the productive process of irrigation, production water supply, water management and investment of irrigation management organization as well as the maintenance and efforts of irrigation of water user association are the main factors of the depreciation of assets. As a commitment to the depreciation of assets of irrigation, the share of the irrigation assets remains provides direct economic incentives to irrigation management organizations and water user associations.According to the empirical analysis and model analysis in the previous, the third part is addressing that increase state financial investment execute the credit of encouraging water-saving irrigation and preferential tax policies on the basis of research findings; strengthening the construction of water-saving irrigation management and ensuring the quality of project. To actively and steadily push forward irrigation district water management system, and establish reformation incentive mechanism to meet its development needs. And we should gradually build up a trading system for agricultural water rights and an affordable price system of agricultural science to farmers. It is necessary to strengthen the laws and regulations of five policy recommendations which related to the construction of water-saving irrigation system. This thesis has pointed out that the innovation of study is founding a principal-agent model of water-saving irrigation investment central to local, and discussed the incentive mechanism of the water-saving irrigation investment. Setting up the incentive mechanism model about the usage of water-saving irrigation funds of government to irrigation management organizations, and studying the water-saving irrigation projects of special funds management. Established the game model of using and supervising the irrigative water-saving funds, and discussed the necessity and feasibility which the inspection organs at higher levels conduct inspection and supervision to lower-level law enforcement organs. The principal-agent model of water-saving irrigation projects was built up, and the incentive mechanism of irrigation management organizations, supervision unit and water conservancy construction enterprises was analyzed. Building up the incentive model under the single agency and multi-task framework of the irrigation management organizations, and analyzing the incentive mechanism of staff in irrigation management organizations, by establishing water behavior model of farmers and water rights pricing model, and making a study of a tradable system for agricultural water rights and an affordable price system of agricultural science to farmers. And the thesis has also found the incentive model and debated the economic incentives of the share of the irrigation assets remains to water user associations and irrigation management organizations. Finally, it proposes some issues to be investigated in the future.
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