The Number Of Cities And Towns Of The South-east Of The North Song Dynasty, Commercial Tax And Spatial Distribution Of Research

Song is an important stage in the development of towns and business of our country, most of academic researches concerned about were the towns of county seats in the past, and the studies on the following towns of county level were not deep enough. As these towns accounted for the majority of cities and towns, the lack of its research, will inevitably affect the understanding about the overall appearance of the towns in the Song Dynasty. The main cause of inadequate, may be the lack of data of below the county towns. In fact, the amount of commercial taxes of the county seats and below the county towns in the Mid-Northern Song Dynasty, which was belong to two standard moments (AD 1040 and AD 1077), has been saved in the "Commercial Tax Record in Song Hui yao". If we can come to understand the geographical location of these towns, and with other literature materials, maybe we can resolve the problem of the information of below the county towns. Using these data, we can deepen the research on towns, urban and rural economic and traffic in the Song Dynasty, and there will be important value for the expanding the breadth and depth of the research on the spatial distribution of cities and town in the Song Dynasty. As similar materials are also very rare in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, using of the "Commercial Tax Record in Song Hui yao" is of great significance for the research on the number, commercial taxes and spatial distribution of towns in Song Dynasty.This Article aims to use the theories and methods of history, historical geography, economics and other disciplines, on the basis of understanding about the location of unknown towns in the "Commercial Tax Record in Song Hui yao", for a comprehensive and in-depth study on the geographical characteristics of the number, commercial taxes and spatial distribution of towns in Southeast region of China in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Article has recovered the distribution of the southeast towns in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made a detailed analysis of its changes.This Article is starting from the following three levels to study the geographical characteristics of the number, commercial taxes and spatial distribution of towns in Southeast region of China in the Northern Song Dynasty.1. Focus on the development of commodity economy in the Northern Song Dynasty, the article made a comprehensive study on southeast agriculture and industry and other industries of the Northern Song Dynasty, from both natural and human environment, and proposed some possible factors for affecting commercial taxes and town distribution in the Song. 2. To recovery throughout the number of towns and its changes in the southeast in the two standard years of Mid-North Song, and analyze the relations between the change of commercial tax, the regional economy, landscape, transportation and other factors, and in order to reveal the spatial differences of town, regional commerce development.3. According to the number of cities and towns, population size and scale of commercial tax, this article has made a summary about the development stage of the southeast cities and towns in the Northern Song Dynasty. Moreover, this article tried to study the spatial distribution structure of cities and towns, based on the density of the distribution of towns. The article proposed the effective range of the heart of the traditional commercial market town, and made an analysis about geographical characteristics of town development in southeast Song. And the article advocated that the rapid development of liangzhe (两浙) and jiangdong (江东) has a direct relationship with the towns, where the surrounding residents have the opportunity to engage in commercial transactions within the space.