Research And Application On Ecology And Plan Mathematic Model For Water Resources Of Ziyahe Drainage Area

The core issue of sustainable development is the harmony and unity betweenmankind and nature. Based on the idea of ecological sustainable development, waterresources planning is to continuously provide high quality water resources forecological environment and social economic development, and create a virtuouscycle of water resources for its sustainable utilization between ecologicalenvironment and socio-economic development now and in the future. A compoundsystem with water resources, ecological environment and socio-economicdevelopment is studied in ecological water resources planning in a drainage basin.Four important aspects: flood control, water resources protection, water ecologicalrestoration and industrial structure optimization should be properly arranged in orderto improve the water environment. By studying water consumption units in theecosystem and the socioeconomic system and their contribution rates in the wholerecycle system, a numerical model of water resources distribution of Ziya river basinis established to discuss the water resources planning problems.Enlightened by the Ecohydrology theories, fresh water resources in a basin areresearched from the rainfall. Water enters into the terrestrial environment whenprecipitation occurs, then part of the precipitation flows into the ocean in form ofsurface water or ground water, and the left returns back to the atmosphere byevaporation. Studying the interconversion process and actual water consumption inatmosphere, land surface, soil and underground will help us to find the equilibriumpoint between the river exploitation and protection, keep the ecosystem unchangedand realize regional sustainable development.The main contents of this paper are:(1) The theoretical frame of ecological water resources planning of a river basinis formed in which each part of the water cycle process is important and thefreshwater resources exploitation and utilization are discussed from the rainfall of ariver basin.(2) Analytic relation between the rainfall intensity and the rainfall duration isdiscussed, and the mechanisms of canopy interception, evaporation, cropevapotranspiration and rainfall infiltration are studied respectively. A hydrodynamicand hydrological model of overland flow concentration and shallow undergroundwater is established to study the water transfer in form of vapour and liquid water under the impact of terrain, water potential, wind, atmospheric pressure, sunlight,temperature and so on.(3) Eco-environmental water demand planning is conducted by analyzing andcalculating eco-environmental water demands in river channels, estuary, wetlands,ground water and urban rivers and lakes, and the water demand required to keep thebiological communities stable and reproducible.(4) Real water consumption distributions of human life, industrial production,grain production and all kinds of vegetations are discussed in order to make socialeconomic water demand planning.(5) The relationship between water resource and social economic development inthe watershed is studied to find the equilibrium point between the river exploitationand protection. The water resources planning should be adjustable so as to bemodified afterwards according to planning performance and observed data, finallyachieving the goal of cyclic utilization of the water resources and sustainabledevelopment in the basin.