Methods Of Optimal Oganization And Design For Bus Passenger Evacuation On Urban Rail Transit Terminal Area

With the rapid development of economic and urbanization process, urban traffic demand increasing dramatically at present, resulting in serious traffic problems. Currently the construction of urban rail transit is much faster than that of three decades ago, targeting3,500km during "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. In the coming ten years, investments on urban rail transit are hopeful to exceed three thousand billion, and aiming at6,100km planning course at2020. Nevertheless, traffic problems which are aroused by the construction and development of urban rail transit are increasingly impacted at perimeter areas of urban rail transit, particularly surrounding transit terminals. The primary function of transit terminal is facilitating passengers transfer between differential modes; therefore, significant aggregative effect exists within the terminal area. However, the evacuation efficiency of the terminal area is usually let down by the inadequate planning, design and management, which makes it the bottleneck of urban traffic development, consequently restricting the efficiency and quality of urban economic activities. Based on the actual development demands of urban rail transit, in this dissertation the author described the traffic congestion mechanism, improved the theoretical structure for designing and optimizing passenger evacuation within the terminal area. Then, thorough studies and discussions were carried out to establish an optimization model for improving passenger evacuation efficiency, and accordingly a suite of optimization theory and improving procedure was proposed. The purposes of the proposed theory aim to relieve traffic congestion and transfer problems within urban rail transit areas, to improve the efficiency of passenger trips, and eventually facilitate the sustainable development of urban transport.However, the study of passenger evacuation of urban rail transit areas is a complex systematic engineering, which requires identifying the boundary of study area at the beginning of the study. Within the identified boundary, further researches on the following aspects are needed:traffic characteristics analysis; transfer from rail transit to buses/others; transit passenger flow organization etc. Therefore, aiming at optimization of passenger flow organization and design within urban rail transit terminal area, in this study, literatures pertaining to the above topics were reviewed and discussed at first, then conducted analysis and research on the following four aspects:(1) The concept of "Urban Rail Transit Terminal Area" was proposed based on the basic characteristics of traffic impact analysis. In accordance with classical urban "breaking point" theory, a model aims to identifying the impact boundary of urban rail transit Terminal was developed. After then, railway station terminal area of Dalian LRT line No.3was chosen as the case study to test and verify the accuracy of the model. (2) Traffic investigation and analysis aimed at passenger transfer, evacuation, and transfer mode split characteristics in Terminal areas. A passenger transfer mode choice model was proposed in accordance with the statistical analysis of investigated passenger data. Finally, traffic congestion mechanism and passenger evacuation mechanism within transit terminal area was summarized according to the analysis of passenger characteristics, and accordingly proposed the optimization scheme for passenger evacuation within terminal area.(3) A public transport transfer optimization model was developed based on the principle of minimum passenger demurrage time. This model was verified at railway station Terminal area of Dalian LRT line No.3.(4) On the basis of public transport priority policies, optimization of bus stations and bus signal priorities at intersections were studied. Besides, in accordance with the interaction between public and private transport, the modal shift relationship between car users and buses was analyzed, according to which determined a rational mode split proportion of public transport and cars within the Terminal areas.