Studies On Architecture Modernity Of Postwar Taiwan

Modernization is a process which human beings continually get rid of superstition, ignorance and tyranny, and pursue the process of reasonability, science and democracy. Modernization has changed the traditional cultural orientation and human value systems. To a nation or region, it is needed taking modernization as a goal. Constructing a modern postwar Taiwan has achieved fruitful results, but experienced a tortuous path. Owing to limitations of modernity and pragmatism tendency, modern architecture in postwar Taiwan faced contradiction inherited between western cultures "horizontal transplant" and ancient tradition "vertical transformation". Contradiction, trade-offs and integration process of this tradition and modernity is formed based on the traditional architectural culture inherited and the skeleton of modernist architecture and shaping, which show anti-historical tendency of unique non-western countries. In this study, postwar architecture in Taiwan is investigated by taking the modern theory as a starting point, combined with the values, dialectical thinking, philosophical and sociological perspective crossover. In order to establish investigated points of the thesis, from a particular point of historical view, modern theoretical framework of architecture is constructed, complex relationship between architectural ideology and reproduction of the social relationships is revealed. On this basis, through the establishment of research methods associated with dual-axis and logic unit, namely two structural axes constructed with the universality of modern buildings and particularity of modern buildings in postwar Taiwan, investigated system containing three logical units such as enlightenment modernity, culture modernity and aesthetic modernity of buildings in postwar Taiwan is formed, based on which the core and essence of modern architecture is discussed.Firstly, from two paths, namely the social existence and social consciousness, modernity "trichotomy" of the architecture is proposed, by which cultural modernity and aesthetic modernity is distinguished. The enlightenment modernity is the first major reflection of cultural modernity, whose core and basis is rationalism. By analyzing the conditions, the target and power elements of modern buildings, the growth path of enlightenment modernity, development path of modern architectural culture and realization path of modern architectural aesthetic were achieved.Secondly, in the main part of this study, a process of architecture modernity by means of a expression from the surface to the centre and gradual achievement of theory was exhibited from three aspects such as educational enlightenment of American economic aid to Taiwan colleges of architecture, cultural orthodoxy conservative ideology and Chinese cultural awareness, as well as aesthetic of "palatial" national form and modernist, etc., based on theoretical frame of architectural modernity. Through the construction of the overall concept and concept of time and space derived from architectural modernity, from angles of the dependent enlightenment modernity, breaking cultural modernity, ambiguous aesthetic modernity, reasonability, cultural and emotional context of architectural modernity in postwar Taiwan were disentangled, spiritual connotation in postwar Taiwan was analyzed and deep social factors of architectural practice in postwar Taiwan was discussed.Finally, based on a comprehensive analysis of development environment, process and path of modern architecture in postwar Taiwan, some important views were proposed: architectural modernity is not isolated with social ideology, it has vertical depth of time and transverse breadth of the space, its of its core system includes integrity and time-space properties, in which integrity property is spiritual constructions of overall effectiveness and sites, time property is conflict and dialogue between tradition and modernity, and space property is dispute and compatibility of the region and the modernity; modern system theory of architecture can not be constructed when the social context, namely vertical depth of social history and the transverse breadth of cultural background, not considered. Conclusions of the thesis reveals the nature of the architectural modernity is democracy and science.Because of differences in ideology, since1949, mainland China and Taiwan have chosen completely different development paths. However, based on common Chinese civilization, in the face of modern architectural development goals, they still have a lot of common points, and can learn from each other. In this thesis, through the analysis of the development experiences of modern architectural theory in postwar Taiwan experience, relationships between politics and art, between ideology and cultural form were known well by understanding how historical strength govern ideology based on symbolic representation of and space culture forms, which aims at refining and thinking common reality problem in architectural design practice.At the same time, based on objective assessment some typical architectural cases, designs of the main architects in postwar Taiwan under special situation were arranged and analyzed in order to highlight the fundamental point of view, theoretical tools and methods in their designs, from which it is expected that modern construction practice in mainland China can break through the same predicament. Researches on enlightenment, development and evolution of architectural modernity and discussions on diverse architectural representation, and deep-seated representativereasons behind its historical constitution in postwar Taiwan, not only benefits for determination of gain and loss in development of modern architecture in postwar Taiwan, but also promotes mainland China to avoid simply following the international fashion in process of pursuing architectural modernity.