The Study On Impacts Of Safety Culture On Safety Performance In Construction Enterprises

Production safety accident is a serious problem that counties are facing in the world. As a high-risk industry, production safety accidents happen frequently in construction industry. And the issue of security has aroused widely attention from all walks of life. Many construction enterprises have invested a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources in the aspect of safety management. Academic circles also have a lot of work in the field of safety performance management. Existing studies have shown that overconfidence is an important variable that affects behavior decision-making, but there are few scholars studying the problem in the construction industry. By analyzing and summarizing the predecessors’ research, this paper puts forward the following three research questions:the first is that safety culture and perceived safety risks as the two important factors to safety performance, do they affect the overconfidence? Does overconfidence affects personal safety performance? The second is whether the perceived safety risks play a mediating role between safety culture and personal safety performance? The third is whether overconfidence affects the internal safety motivation and external safety motivation?In order to study the above three problems, this paper constructs the related theoretical model:the first is the relationship model among safety culture(including three dimensions of safety concept culture, safety system culture and safety material culture), perceived safety risk, overconfidence, safety behavior (including two dimensions of safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior); the second is the relationship model among safety culture(including three dimensions of safety concept culture, safety system culture and safety material culture), overconfidence, safety motivation(including two dimensions of internal safety motivation and external safety motivation), safety behavior (including two dimensions of safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior); the third are three mediating role models, including the model that perceived safety risk, overconfidence, internal safety motivation, external safety motivation play mediating roles between safety culture and safety performance, the model internal safety motivation and external safety motivation play mediating roles between overconfidence and safety performance, and the model that overconfidence plays a mediating role between perceived safety risk and safety performance.On the basis of predecessors’ researches, this paper has constructed a measurement questionnaire including nine variables, which are safety culture(including three dimensions of safety concept culture, safety system culture and safety material culture), perceived safety risk, safety motivation (including two dimensions of internal safety motivation and external safety motivation), overconfidence, safety behavior(including two dimensions of safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior). The author invited three experts to modify the questionnaire, then investigated 20 workers in the engineering construction site. Results show that measurement questionnaire of each variable are readable, and the content and the questioning approach are reasonable. In the early stage of testing, this article also examines the reliability and validity of overconfidence, internal safety motivation, external safety motivation measurement questionnaire. The valid samples are 66 workers in the engineering construction site. Analysis results show that both overconfidence and internal safety motivation measurement questionnaires have good reliability and validity; and in the reliability test, an item in the measurement questionnaire of external safety motivation was deleted, the revised measurement questionnaire of external safety motivation has good reliability and validity.For testing the theoretical hypothesis model, this article carried on a formal questionnaire survey. Based on a survey of the construction workers from a number of large and medium-sized construction enterprises,408 valid questionnaires are collected. The paper use these data to test reliability and validity of the formal questionnaire. The reliability analysis results show that the measurement questionnaire of each variable has good reliability. The validity test uses two methods:exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The 408 samples are randomly divided into two equal parts, one for exploratory factor analysis, and another for confirmatory factor analysis. The exploratory factor analysis results show that the measurement questionnaires of safety concept culture, safety system culture, safety material culture, perceived safety risk, overconfidence, internal safety motivation, external safety motivation, safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior all have good structure validity. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the measurement questionnaires of safety concept culture, safety system culture, safety material culture, internal safety motivation, safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior all have good structure validity.Finally, the paper tests the theoretical models with the use of 408 samples data. The results are as follows:firstly, according to the mediating role testing procedure that Wen Zhonglin (2004) putted forward, this article uses regression analysis to make a mediating role test on the 7 mediating role model, the results show that perceived safety risk, overconfidence, internal safety motivation, external safety motivation play partial mediating roles between safety culture and safety performance; internal safety motivation and external safety motivation play partial mediating role between overconfidence and safety performance; overconfidence plays a partial mediating role between perceived safety risk and safety performance. Secondly, the paper tests the two structural relationship model with the use of structural equation model, the results show that the safety compliance behavior has positive influence on safety participation behavior; both safety concept culture and safety material culture have positive influence on safety compliance behavior; safety system culture has no influence on safety compliance behavior; safety concept culture has no influence on safety participation behavior; safety system culture has positive influence on safety participation behavior; the hypothesis that safety material culture has positive influence on safety participation behavior is partly confirmed; safety concept culture, safety system culture and safety material culture all have negative influence on perceived safety risk; both safety concept culture and safety material culture have negative influence on overconfidence; safety system culture has no influence on overconfidence; perceived safety risk has negative influence on safety compliance behavior, and has no significant influence on safety participation behavior, and has positive influence on overconfidence; overconfidence has negative influence on safety compliance behavior, and has no significant influence on safety participation behavior; external safety motivation has positive influence on internal safety motivation; safety concept culture and safety system culture have no significant influence on internal safety motivation; safety material culture has positive influence on internal safety motivation; safety concept culture, safety system culture and safety material culture all have positive influence on external safety motivation; overconfidence has no significant influence on internal safety motivation, and has positive influence on external safety motivation; internal safety motivation has positive influence on safety compliance behavior, and has no significant influence on safety participation behavior; external safety motivation has positive influence on both safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior.