Research On Target Coverage Of WSN In Ship Engine Room Based On Niching Particle Swarm Optimization

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consists of low-cost, low-power tiny sensor nodes that can communicate with each other to perform sensing and data processing cooperatively. Coverage is one primary problem in WSNs and it has great influence on the performance and quality of services (QoS) of the network. Due to the limited energy, a set of minimal active sensor nodes to be awake to maintain the coverage of an interest target is selected, while other nodes are in a low energy sleep mode. By scheduling the devices’ activities from active to sleep, or vice versa, this scheduling method can save energy and extend the lifetime of the WSNs, which is an important issue for target coverage. Thus, WSNs is closely related to the application, and target coverage problem of WSNs in ship engine room is lack of theoretical analysis and practical application currently. Therefore, the thesis has made a further study about target coverage of WSNs in ship engine room. The investigated contents are shown as follows.Sensors in most WSNs in ship engine room work with batteries as their energy source, it is usually infeasible to recharge or replace batteries when they discharge. Thus, solving the constrained power coverage problem is an important issue for a WSNs in ship engine room. It is necessary to schedule the activities of the devices to save the network’s limited energy and prolong its lifetime. In this paper, we propose a niching particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm using a ring topology to solve the problem. The algorithm does not require any niching parameters, which using the ring topology is able to form stable niches across different local neighborhoods, eventually locating multiple global/local optima. Simulation results are performed to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm for solving the constrained power coverage problem in comparison with other algorithms.A critical aspect of applications with WSNs in ship engine room is the target coverage problem. The problem consists in maximizing the network lifetime by grouping the sensors in disjoint set covers of the targets. To overcome this problem, this paper integrates a novel local search technique with the niching PSO to computes the number of disjoint set covers. The proposed technique not only enhances their local search ability but also increases the probability of finding both global and local optima. Theoretical analysis and performance evaluation results show that the algorithm approximate maximum disjoint set covers and maximize the network lifetime.In this paper we are concerned with the target coverage problem and node scheduling mechanism in WSNs in ship engine room. We introduce a new model of maximizing the network lifetime of the target coverage problem by organizing the sensor nodes in non-disjoint set covers and model the solution as the non-disjoint set covers problem. We focus on the introduction of the jump strategy to the PSO algorithm applied to compute the set covers. The jump strategy added to PSO has demonstrated to be effective because it increases the chances to escape from local optima. Simulation results indicate that the algorithm makes the sensor node activity more reasonable and receives more cover sets monitored all the targets. Also, it effectively extends the network lifetime.This article describes the network topology structure designed and implemented to monitor the ship engine room. A detailed description of the hardware components is presented, and a network composing experiment was carried out. WSNs based on ZigBee achieves the design goal through the measurement of temperature in each node in ship engine room. The experimental results show that the improved PSO algorithm applied to target coverage in WSNs in ship engine room can optimize the network operation of the structure and working mode, save the energy of sensor node and prolong the network lifetime.