| Urbanization is an important content of modernization, and currently, China is in the stage of accelerated development of urbanization. In 2014, it was proposed at the 18 th CPC National Congress that the construction of new urbanization should be sped up, and the subsequent central urbanization work conference further stressed that "the scientific development of the new path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics". In the new period, standing at a new starting point,China’s urban development is facing many opportunities as well as challenges. The external urban form and internal spatial structure will experience dramatic changes in the development of a city.Under the background of new urbanization, the development mode of urban spatial form will undergo a change, from the initial extensive expansion to the connotative development with significantly improved quality. Therefore, the research on the evolution of urban spatial form in the new era will become new focus of scholars. Since the reform and opening up, tourism industry has been rapidly developed in China, and it has become not only an important type of industry in the development of modern city, but also an important driving force in China’s urbanization process. In 2014, the State Council’s No. 31 Document put forward the direction and tasks of the reform and development of tourism industry in the new period. It was proposed that tourism industry development should be combined with new industrialization, informatization,urbanization and agricultural modernization. Therefore, those attentions, which are paid to the tourism industry’s function and influence in the time of urban development, will be of important significance to the research on city development under the new situation, both theoretically and practically.Based on the summary of domestic and foreign related research results, this paper selects two systems, tourism industry development and city spatial form, as the research object, and from the perspective of system theory, analyzes the self-organization relationship and interaction between the two systems in the city development process. Choosing the main urban area of Huangshan City as the case for analysis, and using the method of exploratory spatial data analysis and mathematical statistic model analysis, based on GIS platform, the study analyzes the evolution process and characteristics of city spatial form in this area, as well as the process and mode of the spatial extension of tourism industry. By means of quantative research, the analysis is thoroughand systematic. Finally, on the basis of theoretical analysis, the paper further constructs a model of interaction mechanism between tourism industry development and city spatial form, verifies the model through quantitative analysis, and computes the city spatial form’s mathematical statistics responsivity and geographical space responsivity on tourism industry development. The study is conductive to expanding the field of vision of city spatial form research, enriching the contents and methods of city spatial form research, and providing a certain practical guidance to the coordinated development of tourism industry and city spatial form in those cities based on tourism resource such as Huangshan City.By means of empirical exploration and theoretical refining, as regard to the process and characteristics of city spatial form evolution, process and mode of tourism industry’s spatial expansion, mechanism of action of tourism industry on city spatial form, and the responsivity of city spatial form on tourism industry development in the main urban area of Huang Shan City, the paper forms the following conclusions:(1) The main characteristics and modes of the external form evolution of Huangshan City’s main urban area are the follows: the city spatial expansion is mainly carried out in three modes,including the gradual band-like mode from 1988 to 2001, rapid extended wing mode from 2001 to2007, and rapid extended enclave mode from 2007 to 2014. In addition, the study finds that for Huangshan City’s main urban area, there is a strong correlation between the change of its spatial form index and the city spatial expansion mode.The main feature of the evolution of the internal spatial structure in main urban area of Huangshan City is the succession of city functional space due to changes in city functional land use structure. First of all, the variation intensity of city functional land use structure rose first and then fell, and the variation trend of city land use’s balance degree shows that when the degree of specialization of the city increases, which means a decline in the balance of land use, the city land use is inclined to professional use. Secondly, different types of city functional land’s expansion directions show that with the expansion of urban size, spatial distribution of city industrial land has presented a variation trend from less and scattered to more and centralized, as well as characteristics of spreading to the edge of city from the inner city. The city industrial land concentrated in the industrial park significantly, and the inner city’s land use has an obvious feature of suppressing secondary industry while developing tertiary industry. The land used for public facilities which take tertiary industry as the major land use, has gradually become the dominant land use in city central areas, and the external expansion of industrial land and residential land has become an important driving force for urban expansion.(2) The evolution of tourism industry spatial layout of Huangshan City’s main urban area hasthe following process and characteristics: first, the initial “one center-one belt” overall layout of tourism industry gradually changed into the “multiple point-enclave” style, and finally formed the“dual core-joint” structure; the direction of the tourism industry’s overall layout is roughly northwest to southeast with little change; and the agglomeration degree of tourism industry’s overall distribution gradually increased with the passage of time. Second, among the internal elements of tourism industry, the expansion and evolution feature of lodging industry’s spatial layout is similar with the spatial feature and evolution path of the whole tourism industry, which means that the spatial layout of lodging industry is the dominant factor leading the overall spatial layout of tourism industry. Third, the patterns of tourism industry’s spatial expansion experienced a development process from point-concentration, then to point-axis, and finally to network-concentration system, which is the result of joint effort by the internal driving force from location and agglomeration effect, the external driving force from tourists’ need for spatial behaviors, the support from industrial policy, and the guidance of city planning.(3) The development of tourism industry affects city spatial form by the tourism industrial structure adjustment, the upgrading of tourism industry and the development of the tourism industrial organization mode: the structure adjustment of tourism industrial promotes the transformation if city function, as well as the layout of the city land use; on the one hand, the upgrading of tourism industry brings new urban space, and on the other hand, it leads to the adjustment of city industrial space; the development of tourism industrial organization mode represented by the tourism industry cluster district further accelerates the emergence of specialized industrial space in city.(4) The response of the spatial form of Huangshan City’s main urban area to the development of tourism industry has periodical characteristics. As a whole, it followed the development track of tourism industry from low class to high class, with the city function and positioning from single to compound. Therefore, the city spatial form’s responsivity on the development of tourism industry presented a variation trend--an inverted “U” pattern which rose first and then fell. Tourism industry played an important role in the process of outward urban expansion and growth, so it is Huangshan City’s main urban area’s external form rather than its internal structure that has higher responsivity on tourism industrial development. |
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