The Research On Rural House Design In Severe Cold Region From The Perspective Of Thermal Livable

With social development, resources and environment problems are the key chains of influencing and restricting the development of human.At present, about more than half of the population lives in rural areas in our country, rural a reas consumes a lot of resources, energy, fuel consumption brings about serious pollution to the environment, especially in rural areas of severe cold region, the natural environment is bad, traditional rural house energy consumed in large quantities, poor living environment is increasingly apparent.Thus improving the present situation of rural house construction has a great significance to lower energy resources consumption and environmental protection in China.In this paper, under the background of accelerating the construction of new socialist rural areas in the country, based on the national 11 th five-year plan of science and technology supporting "house energy-saving technology standard"(2008- BAJ08A12), we are aiming at improve the living environment as the core, design and research both the palisade structure system and heating facilities system optimization of cold region rural housing from the thermal livable perspective, so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for the construction of rural house cold region Looking to the future, rural construction is a key step in the process of our modernization construction, but the rural areas have a long history with more complex traditional legacy problems, hence to develop rural construction is a long-term and arduous historical task.Overall the construction application of the new technology in foreign developed countries in recent years, which characteristics can be summarized as follows: to save energy for the goal of saving energy technology; to im prove the quality of the indoor environment as the core of the indoor environment technology; on the computer and information for the characteristics of the energy saving technology and the advanced technology in intelligent control of indoor environment technology. Construction technology in China started late, development speed is slow, which currently in the level to solve the problem of energy conservation, and to improve the quality of building indoor e nvironment research which with information technology as the carrier out of building intelligent control technology is very few. This study applies the residential coupling design technology which with computer as the carrier, the research technology is advanced, and it makes contributions to informatization development in the field of architecture for our country.This paper takes the severe cold rural houses as research object, firstly based on the method of experiment and questionnaire, to determine the main problems that affect the living environment of the rural heating season in the severe cold area, which is the indoor thermal environment and air quality. In order to more accurately summarize the main problems for rural houses in cold region of indoor environment, puts forward thermal livable theory, which main evaluation index are temperature and air quality(in volume), and to determine the range of the two indicators. Secondly, from thermal livable perspective, farmhouse system could be divided into insolation structure system and the heating one, and then respectively expounds how to design the two systems. Retaining structure design includes: the roof, walls, doors and Windows, window wall ratio, shape coefficient and other parts of insolation structure design schemes, roof design scheme includin g the type of roof, roof material, insulation material and thermal insulation layer thickness, etc; farmhouse wall design scheme including the selection of masonry material, heat preservation material and thermal insulation layer thickness, etc; design scheme for doors and Windows of Cold region rural house including doors and Windows material, heat preservation measures; In addition, design the window wall area ratio, research the shape coefficient range of the farmhouse and put forward place on ventilation scheme on palisade structure of the farmhouse.Heating facilities design includes: foundation design scheme of fire resistance, fire wall,etc, the fire kang design including fire kang type study,The surface of kang material selection and the study for improving the thermal performance of fire kang; the fire wall design including fire wall type study,The surface of wall material selection and the study for improving the thermal performance of fire wall; meanwhile, we put forward an improved scheme for other parts of heating facilities system; In addition, we study how to improve ventilation way through the heating facilities system of farmhouse, and get the specific solution; Finally, because of farmhouse construction system index relationship is complicated, in order to show the indicator relations between construction systems, overcome the problems that farmhouse index cannot both process between each system, the system coupling method will be used to optimize the farmhouse construction index analysis, determine the construction schemes.In this paper, for the current situation of rural residential areas in China, put forward the concept of thermal livable, and based on the energy saving design, to improve the living environment as the core, through practice testing, questionnaire investigation, example analysis and other methods, put forward the design scheme of the rural residence in the cold area in the view of thermal livable which including rural residential building envelope design, heating facilities design and computer coupling design program, etc. It provides new ideas for rural house design field, provides reference data for building energy saving design and provides methodological guidance for living environment improvement. It has certain practical significance and practical value.