Comparative Study On Germplasm Resources Of Lonicerajaponica Thunb.Origined In ShanDong

Objective:The plant morphology of Lonicera japonica Thunb.origined in ShanDong arised variation and formed different germplasms after long-time natural selection and artificial breeding during cultivation.The aim of this thesis is to evaluate genetic diversity and compare yield and quality of different germplasms so as to provide references for fine germplasm screening and to study the effects of some factors on quality so as to provide guidance for establishing reasonable cultivation measures.Methods:The plant morphology, the micromorphology of fruit and seed coats and pollen grains,flowering habits,electophoresis of seed protein,peroxidase isoenzymes of leaves,infrared spectroscopy of buds were studied to evaluate genetic diversity;the flowering numbers were counted every day to appraise the yield;different lighting intensity were set up by shading; microelement were sprayed through leaves;the content of active constituent was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results:①There are some differences among different germplasms in many respects,such as plant shape,twining extent and length of branch,leaves hair, bud morphology and its manner of growth on branch,size of fruit and seed.Ten germplasms were clustered on the indexes of the measurment data of buds,fruits and seeds,the results showed that there had a little deviation from the results achieved by farmer,that showed that not only the reproductive organs but also other parts of the plant became difference among different germplasms.②There were some differences in micromorphology of fruit and seed coats.All germplasms could be divided into three categories on account of micromorphology of horny texture on the fruit,that was in agreement with the results achieved by farmer. There was very significant difference between germplasm17and others,with its pollen grain was square seen in polar axis and it had four apertures.Other germplasm had some similarity in pollen grain,that showed that the relationship of theirs was nearer.But we could distinguish them on account of their pollen size,aperture length and the density of spine.The result of cluster analysis with the indexes of pollen and aperture size showed their relationship.③All the germplasms showed great similarity in their initial time with the date May23except germplasm17(May24),but there was different in their blooming time,falling time and flowering amplitude.④Analysis of seed protein electophoresis showed that there was little differences in bands among different germplasms and it could not be used to diagnosis germplasm. Analysis of POD isoenzymes showed that there were much different in numbers and location of bands as well as the intensity of the bands,that it could be used to diagnosis germplasms.The IR spectra and2D-IR correlation analysis were used to analyze the buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb.from different germplasm,the result showed that the IR spectra have some similarity,showing that their main chemical compounds were similar;the second derivative sectra and2D-IR correlation spectra have significant differences,such as absorption strength frequency and form.The result showed that the FTIR analysis was effective for the identification of the buds of different germplasm resources.⑤Allowing for yield and quality,we thought that germplasm7and8were fine;the yield of germplasm19was lowest and its content of galuteolin did not conform to pharmacopoeia rules,so it should be reject;the content of active compounds of germplasm1,2,4,18met the pharmacopoeia rules,but they had poor yield,so we should increase their yield by means of strengthing field management;the content of active compounds in germplasm5was higer,but the yield was poor for its weak growing trend,so we should make it purify and rejuvenate;the content of galuteolin in germplasm3and17did not conform to pharmacopoeia rules and their yield were medium,so that they could or not be popularized as fine breeding should be through further studied.the results of correation analysis showed that the content of chlorogenic acid was positively correlated with that of caffeic acid(p<0.05), length of buds had a highly significant positive correlation with width and weight of buds (p<0.01),weight of buds was positively correlated with that of width (p<0.05).The result of linear regression showed that the extent of the factors such as flowering numbers affect the yield:flowering numbers>weight of buds>length of buds>width of buds.⑥Lighting was useful for increasing the content of the leaf photo synthetic pigment and soluble sugar in medicinal materials and weight of dried buds,the content of galuteolin and loganin was highest in the condition of natural light;the influences of microelement to the active compounds were complicated,some were positively and some were negatively,that prompted us what kind of microelement we used should be from experiments;the content of soluble sugar and weight of dried buds as well as4active compounds decreased after aphid occurring,that prompted us it was necessary and important to control aphid during Lonicera japonica Thunb. cultivation.Conclusions:There were differences in such aspects as plant morphology,the micromorphology of fruit and seed coats and pollen grains,flowering habits,electophoresis of seed protein,peroxidase isoenzymes of leaves,infrared spectroscopy of buds among different germplasm;the yield and quality was also different,that prompted us we could increase the yield and quality by means of screening fine breeding.Some factors such as lighting,microelement and stress caused by pests had effect on quality of flos Lonicera japonica Thunb.,that told us we should take appropriate measures to improve quality of medicinal materials.