| Duck meat, mutton and dog meat are the sources of meat in the human diet. So far, some nutritionists analyzed and evaluated the nutrient contribution of duck meat, mutton and dog meat to balance of diet and nutrition. Traditional Chinese Medicine recorded that duck meat, mutton and dog meat can produce drastically different physiological influences on the human body. Therefor, we speculate that duck meat, mutton and dog meat may contain some specific immunoreactive fractions; these fractions could adjust the function of immune system, but this lack of modern biomedical explanations.In this study, we have investigated the effects of dietary duck meat, mutton and dog meat on humoral immunity and cellular immunity in Sprague Dawley rats, and identify the major allergens from duck meat, mutton and dog meat by using proteomic analysis. The contents and results are as follows.1. Effects of dietary different species meats on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters in ratsThirty4-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats (100-105g) were randomly allotted to eight groups, which were subjected to the following treatments for a period of four weeks: feeding with the basal rat diet containing20%or30%duck-meat, mutton and dog-meat powder, and corn-soybean meal-based diet as control. The result showed that, at the same concentration of protein, the average feed intake of duck-meat-fed group, mutton-fed group and dog-meat-fed group was significantly lower (P<0.05), but there was no effect of organ weights. With concentration of30%meat powder, the average body weight of all experiment groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), but the levels of TP, ALB and GLB in rats’ serum were no different (P>0.05). The levels of TG and CHO was significantly increased (P<0.05), the SOD level was significantly decreased (P<0.01), but the MDA level was significantly increased (P<0.01).2. Effects of dietary different species meats on mucosal immunity in ratsTo study the effects of dietary duck meat, mutton and dog meat on mucosal immunity, we have detected intestinal morphology, permeability and sIgA of rat’s intestines. The results showed that, at the same concentration of meat powder, the Villus heigh, Crypt depth, muscoal thickness and the level of D-Lactic acid of serum from all experiment groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), the level of DAO was significantly increased (P<0.01). With concentration of20%meat powder, the levels of MPO and slgA from experiment groups were significantly lower (P<0.05), but there was no different at concentration of30%meat powder.3. Effects of dietary different species meats on cellular and humoral immunity function in ratsTo study the effects of different dietary duck meat, mutton and dog meat on immune function, rats’ serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-y, TNF-a, IgA, IgM and C3and C4levels in serum and T cell subsets in blood sample were examined. The results showed that, with the concentration of20%meat powder, the level of IL-2of duck-meat group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01); the level of IL-6of mutton-fed group and dog-fed group were significantly higher than duck-meat-fed group and control group (P<0.05); but the level of IL-10was significantly lower (P<0.05) at all experiment groups. The level of TNF-a duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). The level of IgA from dog-meat-fed group was significantly lower (P<0.01), duck-meat-fed group and mutton-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The level of IgM from duck-meat-fed group and mutton-fed group were significantly higher (P<0.05) than dog-meat-fed group and control group. The C3level was significantly lower (P<0.05) in experiment groups. The C4level in duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.05), but dog-meat-fed group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The percentage of CD3+from mutton-fed group and dog-meat-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than duck-meat-fed group and control group. The percentage of CD4+from duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.05), but mutton-fed group and dog-meat-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The percentage of CD8+from mutton-fed group was very significantly lower (P<0.01). The CD4+/CD8+of duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.01), but the mutton-fed group and dog-meat-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.01) than control group. With the concentration of30%meat powder, there were no different on the levels of IL-2and IL-6from all experiment groups (P>0.05). The levels of IL-6from all experiment groups were significantly higher (P<0.01) than control group. The level of TNF-a from mutton-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.01), but the dog-meat-fed group was significantly lower (P<0.01). The levels of IFN-y from duck-meat-fed group and dog-meat-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The IgM level of mutton-fed group and duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than control group. The C3level of mutton-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.05). The percentages of CD3+and CD4+from dog-meat-fed group and mutton-fed group were very significantly lower (P<0.05), but the percentages of CD8+from duck-meat-fed group and mutton-fed group were very significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The CD4+/CD8+of duck-meat-fed group was significantly higher (P<0.01), but the mutton-fed group and dog-meat-fed group were significantly lower (P<0.01) than control group.4. Identification and isolation of the specific allergens from duck meat, mutton and dog meatTo study the specific allergen in duck meat, mutton and dog meat, soluble protein from meat was extracted, and separated by SDS-PAGE. With the positive and negative sera of rats, the special allergen was identified with the Western Blot, the allergenic activity Protein were then analyzed by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography, and the MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS search on the NCBI Database. The results indicate that the protein respectively were hsp60, diamine N-acetyltransferase and CK submit.In conclusion dietary duck meat, mutton and dog meat consumption could promote the growth and intestinal development of rats, but reduced antioxidant capacity and lead to lipid peroxidation, inclined the intestinal mucosal immunologic function, even result in different effects on systemic immunologic function. Using the proteomic analysis, identify the major allergens from duck meat, mutton and dog meat, the results indicate that allergenic activity protein respectively were hsp60, diamine N-acetyltransferase and CK submit. |
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