Study On Differences In Growth-development, Meat Performance And Meat Quality Of Three Duck Breeds

The Cherry Valley duck, the Gaoyou duck and the France Muscovy were selected as experiment materials to study the genetic differences on growth-development, meat performance and meat quality of three varieties of duck, and to find out a genetic marker on biopsy for early seed selection and meat performance of meat duck and to offer detailed breeding information on culturing meat ducks which have good characters on growth ,meat quality and lean meat .The materials were divided into three groups according to the varieties of duck and each group had sixty replicates (half in sex),which were fed under the same conditions for ten weeks. After 7 weeks and 10 weeks growth-development, meat performance and meat quality performance, and the correlation between serumalkaline phosphatase(AKP),amylase (AMY),glutamic-oxalacetic tiansaminase(GOT) and growth-development and meat production performance of three varieties of duck. The results listed below:1. Growth of Cherry Valley duck and Gaoyou duck were quicker than France Muscovy duck, whose ADG for 2-4 weeks got to gain peak, their gains were 65.27g and 38.71g, respectively; However, the France Muscovy duck quickly grow in the latter period, and ADG for 4-6 was 52.91g which was higher than Cherry Valley duck and Gaoyou duck after 6 weeks. Difference of sex to growth effect between Cherry Valley duck and Gaoyou duck was not significant (P>0.05), but difference of sex to growth effect on France Muscovy duck was significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01). The growth rate and growth intensity of male of three breeds all were higher than female ducks.2. Slaughter rates and brawn bressing rates of three breeds for 7 and 10 weeks were all higher than 80%and 60%, whose making meat performance were good, but meat performance of Cherry Valley duck and Gaoyou duck was better at 7 weeks than 10 weeks, On the contrary, Muscovy duck was better at 10 weeks. Effect of sex to meat performance was not significant (P>0.05), and also male was better than female. Breast muscle of three breeds increased with week ages, while leg muscle decreased from week ages. Results showed that breast muscle is more maturity than leg muscle. Breast muscle of Cherry Valley duck is up growth , Breast muscle rate was higher 7.29%,6.62% than Gaoyou and 5.27%,2.21%than Miscopy duck at 7 and 10 week age, respectively; while leg muscle rate was lower 4.0%,2.9% than Gaoyou duck 3.9%and 2.5% than Muscovy duck, respectively. From body fat aspect, subcutaneous fat of Cherry Valley duck was highest, belly fat of Muscovy duck was highest, while subcutaneous fat and belly fat of Gaoyou were lowest. Subcutaneous fat and belly fat of female were more than female, which was consistent with decreased fat deposit caused by male hormone.