Ecology, Power And Grassland Governance

Grassland ecological governance becomes the focus of academic attention in recent years. Based on the investigation and research, the right in Grassland ecological governance is divided into "system power"," force power" and "Strategic power". Grassland contract system reflects the System power. Ecological migration reflects the force power. Ecological compensation policy reflects the strategic power. The ecological governance power becomes increasingly concentrated. The implementation of ecological governance power produced series unintended consequences, marginalized the herdsmen, grass-roots community and local government in the course of grassland ecological governance. These stakeholder analyses still play a role in the grassland ecological governance, showed some living wisdom, which we should attach it. In this text, we draw the following Conclusions:1. The practice of property right system tells us that we must respect the non-equilibrium features of grassland ecology. At present, the "individual-oriented" meadows property system faces many difficulties, adaptation to the realities of economic and social development,"collective standard" meadows property system should be the future direction.2. Campaign management is the essence of Ecological migration, it is the logical continuation of the centralization of governance, reflecting the deep conflict between the national perspectives of simplification, standardization and herdsmen living sustainability. And the Complex processes between local governments and grass-roots herders make the Campaign management failed.3. Ecological compensation policy reflects the strategic power, the state control and the strategy, tacties and technology of the grass-roots governance the fundamental changing, in other words, from the body treatment to the technical governance! From the all-around control to the selective control. Of course, eco-compensation mechanism also stands for "systems of eco-power" attempt.4. Different from the country standards on the forage yield in specific time as grasslands recovery, the paper argues that, the national eco-power performance measurement should focus on long-term, multi-agent trips, the stakeholder groups such as herders should be incorporated. Meanwhile, we should focus on the process of eco-power political and social impact of the practice. These will be an important factor in affecting the ecological sustainability. Just based on the above investigation of multiple perspectives, the paper draws conclusions that the national grassland ecological governance powers are involution:countries with enormous ecological governance has not been "expected results", instead of strengthening a grassland range of ecological risk. Then, uncertainty of pasture ecological governance appear more and more in the future.5. To reach the goal of the ecological capacity and ecological modernization of governance systems, the realization of ecological governance should be the future direction of grassland ecological development. Ecological governance transition are not demanding the exit of state power, but strengthening the construction of basic power in modern national state-building process, and then making the sport governance and policy management towards to institutional governance. At the same time, we should increase herdsmen’s community identity, strengthen the " faith power " in grassland management, stimulate the local governments’ and grass-roots’ initiative and creativity, these are the fundamental of continuing to promote the grassland management.