| Japan established the state of Manchukuo after Mukden Incident,and then the people in northeast china were enslaved by Japan for about fourteen years。During this period , Japan carried out different policies against different nations in order to maintain the Colonization. Japanese adopted coercion, utilization, lasso and assimilation against the Han, Manchu, Mongol and Korean nationality on one hand , Specialization methods toward his own nation .In addition ,Japanese use depopulation method against border area’s minority. The series of colonization politics which go against the law of the development of society and history ,have not only hardly hindered the normal development of northeast nations, but also lead to the discord of every nation in northeast China .So the author try to analyse and elaborate Japanese colonization politics against the puppet state of Manchukuo to expose the essence of Japanese imperialism .This paper is divided into six parts:Chapter One: the author mainly introduce the creation of the puppet state of Manchukuo and the essence of this regime, also the nation distribution and nation structures of it.In order to guide the text, here will mainly talk about the Japanese invasive plan before Mukden Incident, and the procedure of this incident as well as the establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo. Secondly, it will expose the puppet character of Manchukuo through the series of betrayed treaties and agreements. From the above messages we will know that the construction of the puppet state of Manchukuo was not the ambition of the people in northeast china, but the Conspiracy of Japanese imperialism which used to deceive the public. In addition, by analyzing the nation and structure distribution of the puppet state of Manchukuo ,Chapter Two: this part will tell the priorities that Japan have in the aspects of politics, economics, military and judicature in northeast china during the period of the puppet state of Manchukuo. In politics It Contains center system in administration, Advisory system in military affairs and Preferential policy in economy. In addition, the treatment of Japanese was highest. Although the Slogan“every nationality is equal, everyone is equal”were raised in“Nation-building Declaration”and“The law of protection of human rights”, it doesn’t match with the fact. So, here you can see that "coalition of five nationalities"and"nation harmony"which were advocated by the puppet state of Manchukuo were just the measure to stabilize japan’s Colonization.Chapter Three: this part will describe Japan’s policy about how to control and fostor Manchu and Mongol nationality , especially Manchu royal family. Before founding the state, Japan treated Deposed Emperor Puyi of The Qing Dynasty as the“rare commodity”and tried their best to rope him. After the establishment of Manchukuo, Japan tried to meet Puyi’s conceit and desire for power both in substance and spirit aspects if it doesn’t harm the interests of the Japan. At the same time, according to the spy who were planted around puyi by The Kwantung Army, Japan could overlook and control Puyi’s every act . In addition, Japan adopted the method of‘politics marriage’to make the second succession of puppet who have the blood relationships with Japanese. As for the Mongolian nobility, Japan mainly took the policy of conciliation , forthputting and bribing. In fact , before Mukden Incident, these policies have already been carried out against the Mongolian nobility of northeast area. By supporting Mongolian nobility’s activity of“Mongolia independence”and“Mongolia autonomy”to let Mongolia divorce Chinese government .After the establishment of Manchukuo, for the purpose of stabilization in the initial stage, Japan didn’t change Mongolian nobility’s rights and system. after stabilizing Manchukuo, japan completely ended the Mongolian nobility politic,at the same time ,japan gave Mongolian nobility high allowance to appease them. Furthermore, Japan also make up a Mongolia cavalry making use of Mongolia’s feature of being good at fighting ,to help Japanese surpress Chinese people in northeast China.Chapter Four: Japan’s policy on Korean nationality of northeast china is lasso and Assimilation. As a special nation that across borders , Korean nationality began to extensively immigrate to northeast china since the beginning of 20th century. They gradually integrated into the big national family of northeast china in the process of developing and constructing Northeast Frontier with other nations. Before Mukden Incident, Japan always make use of Korean nationality to instigate issues between Japan and China ,in order to make excuse to expand it’s influence in those area. During the peried of Manchukuo, Japan took Korean nationality as the people who were easy to near Japanese and improved their position into”appropriate Higher nation”to lasso them(Japanese believe japan is the higher nation, Mongol, Manchu and Han nationalities are inferior nations or cruel nations).But in fact ,there were few people who were Korean pro-Japanese elements could be treated as“appropriate Higher nation”. As the other nations, most people of Korean nationality were ruled and repressed by Japan. It must be mentioned that Japan also took the policy of Japanization to assimilate Korean nationality in northeast china into Yamato, such as forbidding Korean using their own languages ,compeling to popularize Japanese , creating surname and changing their names.Chapter five mainly introduce the high pressure national ruling policies that Japanese colonial rulers carried out against the Han nationality whose proportion was the largest in northeast china. The puppet government adopted an unprecedented coercion policy against the numerous Han nationality. According to different classes of Han nationality, the policies that puppet government carried out were different .For the superstratum, Japan adopted roping and using policy . But for the lower classes, the government adopted the cruel national rule policy. Owing to the gigantic and vigorous fightings leading by the Han nationality , Japan adopted merging village policy to cutting the relationships between people and anti-Japanese armies. This lead numerous Han nationality becoming destitute and homeless, and their life and properties were in danger. japan took the policy of Cruel predatory In economy, they plundered people’s lands and food, and make“food and grain allotment”policy to reduce Han nation’s food needs . As for the workers in the city ,Japan treated them in low salary and low treatment which have made them extraordinary poor. In culture and education , Japan adopted slavish and foolish policy trying to make Chinese people became loyal and obedient to it’s colonization.Chapter six chiefly disscussed Japan’s policy against the minorities in northeast china during the puppet manchukuo period, such as the Oroqen, the Evenki, the Hezhen and so on. At the beginning of the Manchukuo, Japan paid little attention to these less peoples, so it used them temporarily. It made use of a handful scum of the nations forming“Mountain forest team”and“Mountain forest police team”to coordinate Kwantung army to against and suppress the Allied Anti-Japanese Army. After 1936, the domination of Japan in manchukuo entered the stage of stability, so it adopted the policy of genocide ,which let national minorities be destroyed seriously... |
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