Shogun And Jin Song Political Studies

During Liu Song and Eastern Jin Dynasty, as a specific political formation and power, shogunate existed in social and especially political life and deeply influenced changes of political formation. There were significant differences between its effect modes and degrees in different history periods of Jin and Song Dynasties. As one of important factors which influenced the occurrence and development of shogunate, regional power accumulated many typical regional groups which was of strong military characteristic and interwoven in different shogun ate, and these regional groups exhibited many traits of Jin and Song politics.During Eastern Jin Dynasty, the interaction between many typical shogunate had a strong impact. Taking shape in the late Western Jin Dynasty, SiMa Rui Shogunate absorbed major forces from SiMa Yue (honored as Donghai King) Shogunate and refugees coming down from northern to southern regions as well as some scholars from the south of Yangtze River. Finally, it had become the key factor in establishing Jiang Zuo regime. The setting-up and development of Wang Dun and Huan Wen Shogunate played a most important role in early and late Eastern Jin Dynasty. The gradually increasing number of scholars from the south of Yangtze River in the two shogunate showed how to easternize the regime of Eastern Jin regime. The rise of Beifu forces became one of the leading factors which influenced political situation of Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xi Jian and Xie Xuan Shogunate, which were of strong Jingkou group characteristics, were the leading military forces of Eastern Jin regime at that time. The decline of Jingkou forces decided to a certain extent political trends of the late Jin Dynasty. Huan Xuan Shogunate, forming and rising in Jinzhou, broke the political structure of "the common domination by gentry clans and imperial power" and became political instrument of overthrowing the regime of Eastern Jin Dynasty. The rise and fall of Huan Xuan Shogunate indicated the decline of Eastern Jin Dynasty and new changes of Jing-Yang Battle of Eastern Jin Dynasty which had existed for a long time in the upper and lower reaches of Yangtze River.During Liu Song Dynasty, political formation began to go back to that of the imperial power. What’s more, the development of shogunate had contained many new contents. With the foundation of the reconstructuring Jingkou group, Liu Yu Shogunate attacked Huan Xuan forces, invaded north, subsided the internal troubles, shoveled dissidents and finally accomplished the great task of "overthrowing Jin Dynasty and establishing Song Dynasty". During the early Liu Song Dynasty, the decline of Liu Yilong group and the rise of Qing Xu group reflected present changes from different perspectives. The establishment of Liu Yilong Shogunate turned on the first signs of the peace and prosperity of Yuan Jia Time. The rise and fall of Liu Yikang Shogunate, along with the changes of political formation in early Liu Song Dynasty, is the key to comprehending Yuan Jia politics. The decline of wealthy families and gentry clans, the rise of second-class clans and the associated political conflicts showed the complexity of political life in early Liu Song Dynasty through ups and downs of Liu Yikang and his shogunate. Emerging in late Liu Song Dynasty, Liu Jun Shogunate was of more regional characteristic. Being the concentrated reflection of conflicts in late Liu Song Dynasty, the changing tracks of Qing Xu and Yongzhou groups greatly influenced the stability of Liu Song Dynasty in its late years. Xiao Chengdao Shogunate reaccumulated Qing Xu forces, absorbed all kinds of other forces and invaded Liu Song regime, thus accomplishing the great course of dynasty changes from Song to Liang in turbulent political patterns of late Liu Song Dynasty.