The History Of The Eight Banners’ Poetry

This dissertation was study on the history of poetry on the eight banners. The article was divided into three periods:the early Qing dynasty (about 100 years, include ShunZhi, KangXi, YongZheng), the middle of Qing dynasty (about 100 years, include QianLong, JiaQing and early DaoGuang) and the late Qing dynasty (more than 100 years, include late DaoGuang, XianFeng, TongZhi, GguangXu and early the Republic of China).The first period include first four chapters, and that is the initial period of the poetry of the eight banners. In this period the eight banners poets were learned a lot of write skills from the Han nationality poets, and have made great progress in very short of time. E Maotu was the first poet of the eight banners of Manchuria. Followed by XingDe and CaoYin, are both made great contribution to the developments of the eight banners poetry by the way of hard study and to make the friends with Han nationality poets. At the same time of the progress of the eight banners poetry, the Han nationality was also affected by the eight banners poetry. In this period, eight banners poetry had shown its own style in all aspects of poetry writing. While the eight banners poetry in this period still have the simulation traces, it has its own characteristic in the poetry style. The school poetry of the eight banners brings the new style and features to the mainstream poetic circle.The second period include among five chapters. In this period, the emperor will play a very important role in the cultural development especially on the poetry creation. The emperor Kangxi and the emperor Qianlong are both like poetry creation, and as the wise monarch, they are usually use poem to control the feudal intellectual. So, in this period the poetic style to a certain extent was determined by the emperor. This is the most obvious characteristics of the poetry creation during this period. Compare with emperor Kangxi, Emperor Qianlong was a totalitarian. There are a lot of literary inquisitions in Qianlong dynasty. The poets were afraid to the disaster caused by the poetry So, the poetry creations during these 60 years were dull and boring. Fore most important school of poetry in Qing dynasty, the charm school, the style school, the soul school, the texture school, the development of them is almost by the consideration of the emperor. At the same time, the changes have happened in the inner of the eight banners. Some poets from noble family gave up the noble life to research simple way of life. They start writing natural poetry. Some poets persist in the ethnic culture and continue write the bold, plain and full of strength and courage poetry. The famous poet FaShishan was belong to the eight banners of Mongolia, he is a very important poet in the northern poetry. The eight banners’ poetry in this period have his own personality, and emerge in large number good writers.The third period includes the last four chapters. In the late Qing Dynasty about 100 years, the whole world was turned upside down in China. There are a lot of corrupt officials internal in our country, and at the same time the Chinese people had to face imperialist aggression. Under the multiple contradictions, the eight banners poetry start to the sharp transformation. Baoting, Yanqing, Chengduolu use the poetry to truthfully record the history; Binchun, Shengyu, Sanduo start to explore the way to make the country powerful; Tangyan and Yangzhongxi are paid their all attention to write the book, in order to preserve the history. After the XinHai revolution, Qing Dynasty was demised, the poetry wrote by adherents of the eight banners was the end of Qing poetry and also the end of the eight banners system.