The Studies Of Cheng Fang Wu

Cheng Fangwu was a proletarian revolutionist, a writer, an educator and a social activist in China. As an important representative of the New Culture Movement, he made a great contribution to the proletarian revolution, especially played a founding role on Chinese education. This paper aims at Cheng Fangwu’s practice and thought, to explore his thought on culture, literature, politics and education in different historical periods. The paper, by a systematic study on Cheng’s thought and referring to the reality Chinese society especially the development of Chinese higher education, points out the unique approaches in developing Chinese higher education.The paper is divided into five chapters.Chapter One is a summary of Cheng Fang wu’life. Through the review of his life, can be divided into four periods. From his early education, working as a literary warrior, his life in democratic revolutionary period, to his teaching career, Chapter One is to review his lifelong revolution and literature creation and teaching experience to analyze his activities associated with his cultural theory and literary, political and education theories. The chapter is to show the source and basis of his theory, to provide the helpful material for studies on his thought.Chapter Two is on his cultural idea. Cheng Fangwu’s early education experience, his literary criticism and writing experience, contributed to analyzing his cultural idea. His private schooling and his education in Japan introduced him to compare Chinese and western culture, which resulted in his literary career and education administration.Chapter Three is about his literary theory. In May Fourth period, Cheng was a warrior in literary revolution, who upheld the banner of anti-imperial and anti-feudal. As one of the founders of literary group together with Guo Moruo, Yu Dafu and etc with his pen as a weapon he exposed the dark sides of the reality, satirized the blindness of feudalism, criticized the invasion of the imperialist forces, censured the ugliness of some literati. His criticism caused a strong response among young writers and in literary world. By publishing a series of articles such as From Literature Revolution to Revolutionary Literature, he analyzed the development of Chinese literature and discussed the road and progress of Chinese revolution from Marxist views. His literature thought was initiative and laid his founding role in Chinese modern history of Chinese literature. It is a realistic approach to understand his literature thought deeply in order to bring up Chinese cultural confidence and cultural consciousness.Chapter Four is about the education theory of Cheng Fangwu. Cheng Fangwu’s education theory and practice, which attained great achievements is his lifelong pursuit. He had his distinctive character in the construction of higher education in New China. Based on the reality of Chinese education, he did a reasonable selection by comparing education in China and western culture. Referring to education practice, on the role of education normal education and social education, he put forth his distinctive views on education theory and methods, especially had a outstanding achievement on the discipline construction of Marxism in ChinaChapter Five is the comment on Cheng Fangwu’s thought. All in all, Cheng Fangwu’s revolutionary practice in his whole life is closely connected with the development of his thought. His political ideal and revolutionary pursuits were also reflected by his thought. His theory corresponded with the history as other intellectuals of his age did, filled with his understanding and pursuit in independence, prosperity, democracy and advancement of the nation, which is worth of our respect and full acknowledgement.