A Study On Baojia System In Shandong Regions In The1930s And1940s

As a popular grass-roots administrative system control, the bao-Jia system has been usedby Chinese feudal rulers in history. The four main functions of the the bao-jia system—whichwere restrain,education,tax,and guard are also valued by the ancient rulers.Due to this, in the1930s and1940s, ruled Shandong regimes, whether the KMT put local persons in power, theJapanese puppet regime or the KMT Government promoted baojia system. Bao-jia system inthe implementation of this time, whether scope, or systemic, rigor, has reached a new height.On research methods, based on the history of positivism as a guide, use the dialecticalview of the problem, using multi-disciplinary knowledge such as political, economics,statistics analysis, combining macroscopic research and case analysis, carries on the multipleperspectives of the study, in an effort to clear the bao-jia system implementation status in the1930s and1940s. In it, to dialectical view of bao-jia system’s function, which is beneficial tothe country, the people, and what it is exploitation, oppression, hindering the development ofthe society. In addition, this article will be use a lot of of diagrams, to do a comparative study,in order to understand the effects of bao-jia system and its consequences.Based on shandong area as a case, this article studies the region of the bao-jia systemimplementation situation, to know the carding process and characteristics. Every regime ofShandong in the1930s and1940s, whether Japanese puppet regime,KMD,or the CPC, thestruggle between them are throughout the course of the whole.Whether the KMT put localpersons in power, he Japanese puppet regime or the KMT Government use Bao-Jia system tosafeguard one’s own regime,and there system also have their own characteristics,the good inthe whole history. In contrast,CPC regime, did not resort to such means, but took a drasticmethod, to change the bao-jia system in enemy’area, but in our advantage, to destroy bao-jiasystem, and set up their own regime of democracy at the grass-roots level.This article is divided into seven chapters. First chapter， in the introduction partelaborated the paper’s selected topic basis, research significance, research status and researchideas, etc. From the Angle of area study in shandong,to analyse the bao-jia systemimplementation status, and several regime regime of bao-jia system’ implementationcharacteristics. The second chapter on the generation baojia system, the history and socialfunction elaborate and the re-introduction and the reasons for the local grass-roots political system of the Republic of China and the Rise and Fall of Baojia system in this period to makea simple description and give a simple reason. The third chapter,to research the bao-jia systemof the reign of Han Fu-ju and the KMT shandong provincial government in the TheSino-Japanese War. In addition to baojia system, some similar baojia agency, such as a jointZhuang militia in this period also conducted a preliminary analysis.The fourth chapter, thebao-jia system is introduced by the KMT government of shandong were more thoroughlyanalyzed in the war of liberation period. Bao-jia system in this period of marshalling,household inventory, oath,organization,the conference and the appointment of the bao-jiasystem officers, responsibilities, training, dismissal,pension and other aspects are expounded,including the whole process is analyzed. In addition, jinan and other places as a case, tounderstand the bao-jia system characteristics. The fifth chapter, describe the bao-Jia system inthe Japanese puppet regime of Shandong, and the implementation details, such as the sourceof the bao-jia system of personnel appointment, Bao jia funds origin and so on. Chapter6, itinvolves the bao-jia system utilization in theCPC, the transformation and destroyed, includingthe "the Political of Dual Character"s policy, practice, and error to analysis. This chapter hasalso made analysis, in the bao-jia and analyzes the effect of on The bao-jia Administrativetraining. The last, chapter7from the living conditions of people in shandong, to export thepeasant’ burden by bao-jia system and the bao-jia Administrative Staff of corruption,exploitation, on a critical analysis of several regimes against the oppression of the peasantsburden and cause of bao-jia system of disgust and hatred.So, the article argues that, in terms of inventory, accounts of the household registrationstatistics, or baojia divided,these goverments do the best they could,and use the oath to gatherthe peasants in their areas even the bao-jia Administrative Staff. But they did not have theyexpected, because lies in the injustice of the Japanese invaders and the Kuomintanggovernment of corruption, unbridled plunder and exploitation to the people,so make it losepopular support.Through comparative study, we can clearly realize that the regime of theKuomintang regime and Japanese puppet regime government’s cruel oppression andexploitation, and the bao-jia system is directly exercise their institutions of oppression andexploitation, so people hate on it. And bao-jia system in it’s implementation process, also hasa lot of problems.Although the bao-jia system is very strict, but due to the vast rural regions, alarge population and uneven distribution, so the ruler is unable to focus on the every corner,and the whole staff has always been the implementation of the government decree less thoroughly, this can affect the effect of bao-jia system implementation.Moreover, due to theflexible and pragmatic way of struggle of the CPC, not only developed a large number of “thePolitical of Dual Character”, but also made a lot of bao-jia system staff successfultransformation, and work for them. So, CPC make various bao-jia organization became adecoration. Until the CPC took power, abolish the bao-jia system, implements thenew-democratic village governance.