Research On Marx And Engels’ Social Fairness Theory And Its Development

Marx and Engels’ theory of social fairness critically inherited the German classicalphilosophy, British classical political economy and utopian socialism. Marx and Engels’social fairness theory built as well as developed on base of theories that are scientific.Some Marxist viewpoints lay a scientific foundation for Marx and Engels’ socialfairness theory like “practice”,“social being and consciousness”,“class division”,“masses are the creator of history” and etc.Marx’s social fairness theory is a systematic entirety, which mainly focuses on fiveparts: goal, root cause, nature, standards and realization. The communist society is thegoal of social equity. Social fairness originates from practice of people’s materialproduction. Social fairness possesses historicalness, class charater and relativity. Thebasic standard for judging whether the society is fair or not lies in that whether itconforms to the development trend of social productive forces and production relationsor not. The development of productive forces provides material basis for realizing socialfairness. The private ownership of the means of production is an important guarantee forsocial fairness. Fair distribution in socialist society (the first stage of communism) mustbe deducted before distribution of individual consumption materials. To eradicateclasses is an important approach to realize social fairness. Through taxation, education,policy of balancing urban and rural development and the common fiscal policy, etc.social fairness can be effectively promoted.Marx and Engels’ theory of social fairness had been developed in the Soviet Union.The social fairness theory had been applied to the practice of the Soviet Union’ssocialist revolution and construction, by Lenin and Stalin, generated some new thoughtsand new theses when combined with the Soviet Union facts. Therefore, when they putthe social fairness theory into practice, they also highly enriched and developed it.Marx and Engels’ social fairness theory also has been developed in China. ChineseCommunists are continually combining social fairness theory with the concrete realitiesof China, so Marx and Engels social fairness theory has been developed as well asenriched until today. Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin ande Hu Jintao, in the leadership of the practice of Chinese People’s socialist modernization, have abundantlydeveloped as well as enriched the social fairness theory from multi-angle, and alsospecifically proposed a series of new perspectives and new statements about the goals,status, basement, guarantee, paths of social equity and etc.This paper’s study, combined with the specific actual of china, has interpreted the significance of Marx and Engels’social fairness theory to China’s current society.To solvethese increasingly serious issues on social inequity in today’s China, great attentionshould be paid to them, or rather they should be risen up to the national level to beattached great importance. We should vigorously develop production forces so as to laya solid foundation for realizing social fairness. We should also strengthen systembuilding to provide system guarantee for driving social fairness. We should take fairnessand justice as the primary value goal for system building; build a guarantee system forsocial fairness mechanism focusing on fairness in rights, opportunities, rule anddistribution. A multi-tiered system based on basic system, operation system andconcrete system to guarantee social fairness should also be built. We should educatecitizens about the view of social fairness, guide and enhance their consciousness ofequity and foster a sound social atmosphere for pursuing fairness and justice.