The Study Of Marx’s Thoughts Of The People’s Livelihood And Its Contemporary Practical Significance

The people’s livelihood is an ancient and often new topic, and it is in related to the basic requirements and the basic rights and interests of the people’s survival and development. Humans have lived with food and clothing since they induced, and it will produce people livelihood problems. With the development of the times, living conditions and development needs of the people have changed and improved. And it has been from the basic "subsistence" problem to the" better life" problem, from the "survival" logic to the "developmental" logic.At present, the economic and social of China has great development, and the people’s living standards has greatly improved.But not only the people livelihood problem havn’t been solved thoroughly, but more complex and sharp To solve the people’s livelihood problems of China must rely on the Marx theory with rich humanistic care. We need dig deep and comprehensive study the basic connotation and essence of Marx’s people’s livelihood thought, and we learn the theory resources from it which is required to the construction of China people’s livelihood, in order to lay the foundation for the realization of the"Chinese dream".Based on the existing research, the thesis defines and analyzes the keynote connotation of "the people’s livelihood" and it emphasizes the people’s livelihood is about the realization of the basic needs and fundamental rights of the people’s survival and development. The basic requirement of the people’s livelihood is to "guarantee the basic living", its development requirement is to "improve the quality of life", and its purpose is to "promote human development". According to this, the thesis expounds the meaning of people’s livelihood in the context of Marx’s thought from three aspects which are the "living conditions","need", and "benefit". I.e. the people livelihood is that the masses of the people realize their own basic living conditions, meet their needs of life and interests through the production practice.On the basis of those, the thesis analysis in depth the people’s livelihood thought of Marx focusing on the four aspects of its historical trajectory, its main content, its development of theory, and its practical significance.The first is the historical route of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood, which has significant economic and social roots, practical foundation and ideological origins. Under the capitalist system, the poverty and alienation of the working-class and the mass constitute economic and social roots of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood; the working class’s movements fighting for survival right constitutes its practical foundation. Meanwhile, its formation has been greatly impressed by many other thoughts, such as, Greek philosophers’ native natural thoughts of livelihood, Enlightenment thinkers’ liberal democratic outlooks, German classical philosophers’ rational concept of the people’s livelihood, and the Utopian socialists’ abstract concept. Besides, its formation has undergone five historical processes:’idealism’,’rationalist’, ’historical materialism’ and so on.The second is the contents of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood. The Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood is a complete ideological system, which is based on historical materialism, starts with the needs of ’conditional person’, takes overall social production as intermediary. The needs of ’conditional person’ is the starting point of the people’s livelihood, people’s objective needs determines the realistic necessity of the people’s livelihood, the diversity needs determines different types of the people’s livelihood, and the needs’ various levels determines sustainable development of the people’s livelihood. The integration ofoverall social production is the security of the people’s livelihood, rational distribution of interests is core link to realize the people’s livelihood, interests is the important contents of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood. Marx takes deeply roots into the capitalism, elaborates and criticizes the people’s livelihood of capitalism, reveals the cases of dilemma of the people’s livelihood from capitalist private ownership and capital logic, gives scientific solution to the problems of the people’s livelihood, and on the basis of that, analyzes ideal condition and realization of the people’s livelihood in future.The third is contemporary theory development of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood. Marx’s thought of the people’s livelihood is constantly evolving and open.In different time and different countries, Marx’s heirs have innovated and developmented to Marx’s thought of the people’s livelihood. The Russian Bolshevik party represented by Lenin first explores the people’s livelihood in socialism, promoting the people’s livelihood construction up to political strategic height, and creativelyproposes the idea of the ’New Economic Policy’, effectively solving the problem of the combination of the improvement of the people’s livelihood and the socialism. The Chinese communist party represented by Mao Zedong considers ’people being themselves master’as the foundation of solving the problem of the people’s livelihood, takes’serving the people wholeheartedly’as its basic idea, and regards’revolutionary war’,’economic development’, and ’the people’s livelihood’as its important way. The people’s livelihood with Chinese character changes’the class interests’ into ’the public interests’ in the subjects, changes ’subsistence-oriented’ into ’development-oriented’in the contents, changes revolution’ into ’reformation’ in the practice.The last is contemporary practical significance of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood. The value of the theory lies in guiding practice, finding and solving problems. The paper grasps the combination of theory and practices, reveals the present problems of the people’s livelihood and main features, analyzes the main characteristics of the people’s livelihood in China, and elaborates the basic problem of current problems of the people’s livelihood from economic, politics, cultural, social and ecological. On the basis of them, the paper proposes the significance and routes of Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood to solving the problems of the people’s livelihood of contemporary China, analyzes Marx’s thoughts of the people’s livelihood to ruling states and dealing with politics and the transformation of government functions, social construction with the focus to’security and improve the people’s livelihood’, the implement of the mass line and safeguarding the interests of vulnerable groups, completely improving the quality of people’s living standards, and fulfilling’Chinese Dream’, and relates the solvation routes to the current problems of the people’s livelihood in China from material economic basis, institutes and political premise, spirit cultural supports, fundamental security and resource environment. Addition, in the last part of the paper warms people to avoid some errors, such as, ’excessive consumerism’,’welfare trap’, and ’quick buck theory’.