Research On The View Of Marx’s Power

The view of power is an important issue of political ethics, public ethics or political philosophy, the essence, value and moral basis of power is its core discourse domain. It is not only a sensitive topic in the realistic level, but also discussed and followed with interest by scholars in the theoretical level. These scholars generally think that, in Marx’s view, power is essentially " violence of class oppression". Actually this is a one-sided understanding. " violence of class oppression" is more precisely the essence of political power or state power than the essence of power. The essence of power and the essence of political power or state power are two different concepts, the latter is an important component of the former, but connotation and denotation of the former are far larger than the latter.Marx conducts a comprehensive inspection to power from the view of the existing way of human society, the type of organization of the common life and the common interest of the human community, has used a series of concepts such as political power, state power, government power, social power, property rights, capital power, parents’ power, administrative power, executive power, judicial power, the people’s power, aristocratic power and so on,and deems that power in essence involves the relationship between man and man and human and objects, it is a dominant force which the human creates, and its aim is to realize the common interests of all the people. Therefore, Marx’s view of the power essence is dominating relationship of the specific power based on the realizing public interests.The theory of alienation is throughout Marx’s life, and must not be limited to his youth. Marx also has clearly used concepts and usage such as "alienation of power", "the power of alienation", etc. Marx’s view of power alienation is an organic part of Marx’s view of power. Marx thinks that, alienation, in essence, is a special relationship between subject and object, a relationship that subject creates object, in turn, object rules, suppresses, oppresses subject. The so-called alienation of power, is the phenomenon that when power reaches a certain social historical period, power’s comprehensive properties include power subject, essence and activities lost its true meaning and true face, and become organized repressive power which enslaves people and realizes the special interests. Be different from the point that the academia generally regards alienation of power as being personal or privatization of power, Marx puts forward comprehensive opinions from the view of combining social groups(mainly the ruling class) with individual and combining social system with personal moral trait. Marx deems that the alienation of power is an important aspect of the alienation of man, is a phenomenon that power puts forth its antithesis when it runs to the class society, and its antithesis become the alien force which controls and enslaves the human. Although it is related to the moral trait of the wielder of power, more relevant to the particular social system. At its representation level, alienation of power contains three aspects: alienation of power subject, alienation of power essence and alienation of power activity. Alienation of power subject, in two respects: alienation between power owners and power wielders and alienation between power wielders and themselves. Performance of alienation of power essence is in that power is used to seek personal interests or class interests. Alienation of power activity, in two respects: service becomes slavery and protection becomes violence.Marx thinks that power of alienation is bound to return to its original meaning or the true state. This return is mainly manifested in: power will "lose its political nature" and return to power of nonpolitical nature; subject of power will return from special classes to people; its essence will return from the tool by which a special class realizes private interests to the tool by which all people realize their common interests. At the same time, return of alienation of power could not be achieved out of thin air, but it needs requirement, specifically including: the proletariat is the "matter weapons" to realize the return of power alienation; revolution is real means to realize the return of power alienation. In the steps of the return, Marx’s thinking is: the return of power of alienation will along the steps as follows: "began return-- return in part-- complete return", namely the return begins with the "special period" of the transition from capitalism to socialism, "partial return" in the "first stage of communism", and finally "complete return " in advanced stage of the Communist.Objectively, Marx’s view of power exists some limitations: criticism to the power of the class society is more than construction to the power of the future society, and the exploration to the western capitalist power overweights the exploration to the oriental society power. However, we never negate the times value of the view of Marx’s power hereby. Its value is mainly manifested in: contributing to toresist and criticize all kinds of new bourgeois ideology of power; contributing to avoid walking evil ways such changing banner as western separation of the three powers; contributing to alert danger that the socialist society people’s power betrays the people; to provide theoretical reference and ideological enlightenment for the education of power view of the CCP; to lay the ideological foundation for ensuring the correct operation of power from the system; to provide theoretical support for the weakening domination function of the state power and promoting the modernization of national governance ability.