The Plight Of The Liberal Consensus View Of Justice

In today’s free society, people’s lack of what is consistent understanding of justice, people in what is free, what is equal, what is the personal rights of people cannot be violated have no unified view. Rawls has a profound understanding of the existence of justice consensus crisis in the liberal society. Both Rawls’s early "theory of justice", and later "political liberalism", are trying to answer this social problem. Of course, Rawls’s early pursuit of moral justice consensus, and later the exploration of political justice consensus, have different aspects of criticism.Facing the dilemma of liberalism justice consensus, Gray and Bellamy as the representative of the radical value pluralism argue that we should give up the pursuit of justice consensus, thought it was just some political philosopher’s fantasy. They both deny the possibility of liberal society can reach justice consensus. They advocate conflict compromise coexist,"a matter of expediency" is a realistic plan liberals should accept.Communitarianism commanding general Macintyre think, justice consensus crisis in liberalism society is the result of the enlightenment philosopher negation of philosophy in ancient Greece and Christian philosophy, for the purpose of human nature theory. After the enlightenment, people deny the traditional teleology, and the moral standard is on the concept of personal,"individual" concept is arch-criminal caused the western social justice consensus dilemma. Different moral philosophers and political philosophers have different understanding of "personal", are bound to get different standards, and fall into the morality and justice dispute. To beyond liberal social justice consensus dilemma, Macintyre’s prescription is returned to the Aristotle tradition.Habermas disagrees with Macintyre, he thought the liberal social justice consensus difficulty lies in the spread of instrumental rationality and the colonization of the life world. Therefore, Habermas advocated to solve the plight of justice consensus of liberal society, they must resort to rebuild communicative rationality. Habermas shows his consensus thought through dialogue ethics. At the situation of value individualism and morality and justice consensus increasingly becoming an unattainable goal, Habermas attempts to present universal moral and justice consensus, showing an ideal of people through mutual communication and understanding between community members to reach a universal consensus.However, it is undeniable, Habermas consensus theory exaggerated language and dialogue, and did not see the material foundation and practical foundation behind the dialogue. Habermas was not fully aware of the social production of material in shaping the social relations. Marx’s historical materialism can provide the correct methodology for us to think about justice consensus predicament of liberal society. To examine the justice consensus crisis occurred in the liberal society from the historical materialism, we can know the dilemma of justice consensus from social field of consciousness, is caused by the contradiction of social existence domain and social material production field. According to Marx’s view, justice consensus dilemma of liberalism society is caused by contradictions in material production field between the productive forces and production relations. Justice consensus crisis in liberalism society can be resolved with the realization of communism.